Russian Translation(s) & Details for 'employ'

English Word: employ

Key Russian Translations:

• нанимать [nəˈnʲimətʲ] - [Formal, used in professional or business contexts]
• использовать [ɪspɐˈlʲozəvətʲ] - [General, applicable in everyday situations]
• принимать на работу [prʲɪˈnʲimatʲ nə rɐˈbotʊ] - [Formal, specifically for hiring in employment scenarios]

Frequency: Medium (Common in business and technical contexts, but not as frequent as basic verbs in casual speech)

Difficulty: B1 (Intermediate; requires understanding of verb conjugations and context, with 'нанимать' being slightly more challenging due to formal usage)

Pronunciation (Russian):

нанимать: [nəˈnʲimətʲ]

использовать: [ɪspɐˈlʲozəvətʲ]

принимать на работу: [prʲɪˈnʲimatʲ nə rɐˈbotʊ]

Note on нанимать: The stress falls on the second syllable; be careful with the soft 'н' sound, which can be tricky for English speakers due to its palatalization.

Audio: []

Meanings and Usage:

Meaning 1: To hire or engage someone for a job or position

Translation(s) & Context:

• нанимать - Used in formal employment discussions, such as in job interviews or HR contexts.
• принимать на работу - Common in official or administrative settings, emphasizing the act of onboarding.

Usage Examples:

• Компания планирует нанимать новых сотрудников в следующем квартале.

  The company plans to employ new staff members in the next quarter.

• Директор решил принять на работу молодого специалиста из университета.

  The director decided to employ a young specialist from the university.

• В кризисные времена компании часто нанимают временных работников.

  In times of crisis, companies often employ temporary workers.

• Чтобы расширить бизнес, нам нужно нанимать больше квалифицированных людей.

  To expand the business, we need to employ more qualified people.

Meaning 2: To use or utilize something, such as a method or resource

Translation(s) & Context:

• использовать - Applied in general contexts, like everyday tasks or technical applications.

Usage Examples:

• В повседневной жизни мы используем технологии для упрощения задач.

  In everyday life, we employ technology to simplify tasks.

• Ученые используют сложные модели для анализа данных.

  Scientists employ complex models for data analysis.

• В бизнесе важно использовать инновационные стратегии для успеха.

  In business, it's important to employ innovative strategies for success.

• Он предпочитает использовать проверенные методы в своей работе.

  He prefers to employ proven methods in his work.

• Для решения проблемы мы можем использовать имеющиеся ресурсы.

  To solve the problem, we can employ the available resources.

Russian Forms/Inflections:

Both 'нанимать' and 'использовать' are verbs, which in Russian undergo conjugation based on tense, aspect, person, and number. Russian verbs have imperfective and perfective aspects; 'нанимать' is imperfective, while related perfective forms exist (e.g., 'нанять'). 'Использовать' is also imperfective.

For 'нанимать' (imperfective):

For 'использовать' (imperfective), it follows a similar pattern but with irregularities in some forms:

'Принимать на работу' is a phrase; 'принимать' conjugates similarly as an imperfective verb.

Russian Synonyms/Antonyms:

• Synonyms:
  • нанять (more perfective form of нанимать)
  • трудоустроить (specifically for formal job placement, often in bureaucratic contexts)
  • привлекать (to attract or hire, with a nuance of drawing in talent)
• Antonyms:
  • увольнять (to fire or dismiss)
  • отказываться (to refuse or not use)

Related Phrases:

• Нанимать на работу - To hire for a job; often used in employment ads.
• Использовать в полной мере - To employ to the fullest extent; implies maximizing resources.
• Принимать на временную работу - To employ on a temporary basis; common in seasonal jobs.

Usage Notes:

'Employ' translates variably in Russian based on context: use 'нанимать' for hiring people, and 'использовать' for utilizing objects or methods. In formal settings, opt for 'принимать на работу' to sound more professional. Be mindful of aspect: imperfective forms like these describe ongoing actions, while perfective counterparts (e.g., 'нанять') indicate completion. English speakers often confuse verb aspects, so choose based on whether the action is habitual or finished.

Common Errors:

• Error: Using 'нPhysically' instead of 'нPhysically correct form' – Learners might mispronounce 'нPhysically correct form' as 'нPhysically incorrect'. Correct: Always stress the second syllable in 'нPhysically correct form' to avoid confusion with similar words.
• Error: Confusing 'нPhysically correct form' with 'нPhysically incorrect' in conjugations – For example, saying 'я нанимает' instead of 'я нанимаю'. Correct usage: 'Я нанимаю' for first person present; this error stems from English's lack of conjugation, so practice verb tables.

Cultural Notes:

In Russian culture, 'нPhysically correct form' in employment contexts often reflects the hierarchical nature of workplaces, where hiring decisions may involve formal interviews and CV reviews, influenced by Soviet-era practices. 'Использовать' can carry a pragmatic connotation, emphasizing resourcefulness in daily life, as seen in Russian literature like Chekhov's works, where characters 'employ' wits to navigate challenges.

Related Concepts:

• трудоустройство (employment)
• ресурсы (resources)
• кадры (personnel or staff)