Russian Translation(s) & Details for 'electronic'

English Word: electronic

Key Russian Translations:

• электронный [ɪlʲɪkˈtronɨj] - [Formal, Technical]
• электроника [ɪlʲɪkˈtronʲɪkə] - [Informal, when referring to the field or devices as a noun]

Frequency: Medium (Common in technical, scientific, and everyday contexts involving technology, but not as frequent in casual conversation).

Difficulty: B1 (Intermediate; requires basic understanding of Russian adjectives and their inflections, per CEFR standards. For 'электроника' as a noun, it may be A2 for beginners due to its straightforward usage).

Pronunciation (Russian):

электронный: [ɪlʲɪkˈtronɨj]

Note on электронный: The stress falls on the third syllable ("tron"), which can be tricky for English speakers due to Russian's vowel reduction in unstressed syllables. Pronounce the 'ы' as a centralized vowel similar to the 'i' in "bit."

электроника: [ɪlʲɪkˈtronʲɪkə]

Note on электроника: The final 'a' is softened in casual speech; it's a feminine noun with a clear stress on the third syllable.

Audio: []

Meanings and Usage:

Adjective meaning: Relating to electronics, electrons, or devices that use electronic components.

Translation(s) & Context:

• электронный - Used in formal or technical contexts, such as describing devices or systems, e.g., in engineering or computing.
• электроника - Used as a noun in informal contexts to refer to the field of electronics or electronic gadgets.

Usage Examples:

• Это электронное устройство работает на батарейках.

  This electronic device runs on batteries. (Demonstrates basic adjective usage in a descriptive sentence.)

• В современном мире электроника играет ключевую роль в повседневной жизни.

  In the modern world, electronics play a key role in everyday life. (Shows the noun form in a broader, philosophical context.)

• Электронный сигнал был прерван из-за помех.

  The electronic signal was interrupted due to interference. (Illustrates usage in a technical or scientific scenario.)

• Я изучаю электронику в университете.

  I am studying electronics at university. (Example of the noun in an educational context, showing subject matter.)

• Электронные книги становятся всё популярнее среди читателей.

  Electronic books are becoming more popular among readers. (Demonstrates adjective form with plural nouns in a contemporary trend discussion.)

Noun meaning: The field or study of electronics (less common for the exact English "electronic").

Translation(s) & Context:

• электроника - Used in academic or professional settings to denote the discipline, e.g., in engineering.

Usage Examples:

• Электроника — это наука о движении электронов.

  Electronics is the science of electron movement. (Basic definition in a educational context.)

• В магазине электроники я купил новый смартфон.

  In the electronics store, I bought a new smartphone. (Informal, everyday usage referring to a shop.)

Russian Forms/Inflections:

электронный is an adjective, so it inflects based on gender, number, and case in Russian. электроника is a feminine noun and follows standard first-declension patterns.

Note: These forms are regular for Russian adjectives and first-declension nouns. электронный does not have irregular changes.

Russian Synonyms/Antonyms:

• Synonyms:
  • цифровой (digital) - Often used interchangeably in modern tech contexts, but implies digital processing.
  • электрический (electrical) - Similar but broader, covering non-electronic electrical aspects; subtle difference in precision.
• Antonyms:
  • механический (mechanical) - Refers to non-electronic, physical mechanisms.
  • аналоговый (analog) - Contrasts with digital electronics in tech discussions.

Related Phrases:

• Электронная почта - Refers to email, a common digital communication tool.
• Электронные устройства - Means electronic devices, used in everyday tech contexts.
• Современная электроника - Describes modern electronics, often in discussions about innovation.

Usage Notes:

In Russian, 'электронный' directly corresponds to the English 'electronic' as an adjective, especially in technical fields, but it's important to distinguish it from 'электрический' (electrical), which might be confused by English learners. Use 'электронный' in formal contexts like science or IT. For the noun form 'электроника', it's more versatile and can be used informally. Grammar note: Always inflect adjectives to agree with the noun's gender, number, and case. When choosing between translations, opt for 'электронный' for devices and 'электроника' for the field to ensure precision.

Common Errors:

• Mistake: Using 'электрический' instead of 'электронный' when describing electronic devices. For example, incorrect: "Это электрическое устройство" (meaning "electrical device" but implying wired power). Correct: "Это электронное устройство" (electronic device). Explanation: 'Электрический' refers to anything powered by electricity, while 'электронный' specifies electron-based technology.

• Mistake: Forgetting to inflect the adjective, e.g., saying "электронный книга" instead of "электронная книга" for feminine nouns. Correct: Always match gender, as in "электронная книга". Explanation: Russian adjectives must agree with nouns, which is a common oversight for English speakers used to invariable adjectives.

Cultural Notes:

In Russian culture, terms like 'электроника' are tied to the country's strong history in engineering and space technology, dating back to the Soviet era. For instance, Russian electronics were pivotal in the Space Race, and today, they evoke innovation and reliability in contexts like military or consumer tech, often symbolizing national pride in scientific achievements.

Related Concepts:

• Компьютер (computer)
• Технологии (technologies)
• Гаджеты (gadgets)