Russian Translation(s) & Details for 'electric'

English Word: electric

Key Russian Translations:

• электрический [ɪlʲɪkˈtrʲit͡ɕɪskʲɪj] - [Formal, Adjective]
• электрик [ɪlʲɪkˈtrʲik] - [Informal, Noun, referring to an electrician]

Frequency: Medium (commonly used in everyday contexts related to technology and utilities)

Difficulty: B1 (Intermediate; requires understanding of basic adjective forms and vocabulary in technical contexts)

Pronunciation (Russian):

электрический: [ɪlʲɪkˈtrʲit͡ɕɪskʲɪj]

Note on электрический: The stress is on the third syllable (tri), and the 'ч' sound is a palatalized 'ch' as in 'church'. Pronunciation may vary slightly in fast speech.

Audio: Audio placeholder for электрический (Insert audio player here)

электрик: [ɪlʲɪkˈtrʲik]

Note on электрик: This is a simpler word with stress on the second syllable; it's often used in casual conversation.

Audio: Audio placeholder for электрик (Insert audio player here)

Meanings and Usage:

Meaning 1: Relating to or operated by electricity (as an adjective)

Translation(s) & Context:

• электрический - Used in formal and technical contexts, such as describing devices or systems powered by electricity.
• электрик - Less common for this meaning; typically means 'electrician' but can relate in broader contexts.

Usage Examples:

• Электрический чайник быстро нагревает воду.

  The electric kettle heats water quickly.

• В доме есть электрическая проводка, которая нуждается в ремонте.

  In the house, there is electrical wiring that needs repair.

• Электрический ток может быть опасным, если не соблюдать меры предосторожности.

  Electric current can be dangerous if safety measures are not followed.

• Современные автомобили часто оснащены электрическими системами для экономии топлива.

  Modern cars are often equipped with electric systems for fuel efficiency.

Meaning 2: A person who installs or repairs electrical equipment (as a noun)

Translation(s) & Context:

• электрик - Informal term for an electrician, used in everyday conversations about professions.

Usage Examples:

• Я вызвал электрика, чтобы починить лампу.

  I called an electrician to fix the lamp.

• Электрик в нашем здании работает допоздна.

  The electrician in our building works late.

• Чтобы стать электриком, нужно пройти специальное обучение.

  To become an electrician, you need to undergo special training.

Russian Forms/Inflections:

электрический is an adjective and follows standard Russian adjective declension patterns. It changes based on gender, number, and case.

электрик is a noun (masculine) and has standard noun inflections:

• Nominative: электрик
• Genitive: электрика
• Dative: электрику
• Accusative: электрика
• Instrumental: электриком
• Prepositional: электрике

Russian Synonyms/Antonyms:

• Synonyms:
  • электрифицированный (electrified; more specific to processes)
  • энергетический (energetic; in broader energy contexts, with subtle differences in connotation)
• Antonyms:
  • механический (mechanical)
  • ручной (manual)

Related Phrases:

• электрический ток - Electric current; used in physics and everyday discussions about electricity.
• электрическая сеть - Electrical grid; refers to power distribution systems.
• электрик на вызов - On-call electrician; common in service contexts.

Usage Notes:

электрический directly corresponds to the English "electric" as an adjective, but it's important to match it with the appropriate gender, number, and case in Russian sentences. For example, use электрическая with feminine nouns. When choosing between электрический and электрик, opt for the former for descriptions and the latter for professions. This word is neutral in register but may sound more formal in technical writing.

Common Errors:

• Mistake: Using электрический without proper declension, e.g., saying "в электрический доме" instead of "в электрическом доме".
  Correct: Ensure the adjective agrees in case, e.g., "в электрическом доме" (in the electric house).
  Explanation: Russian adjectives must agree with the nouns they modify, which is a common pitfall for English speakers used to invariant adjectives.
• Mistake: Confusing электрик with электрический, leading to misuse in sentences.
  Correct: Use электрик only as a noun for a person, not as an adjective.
  Explanation: This can result in grammatical errors; always check the context to distinguish between the two.

Cultural Notes:

In Russia, electricity infrastructure has historical significance due to Soviet-era developments, so terms like электрический often appear in discussions about modernization and daily life. For instance, rural electrification was a major achievement in the 20th century, adding a layer of cultural pride to these words.

Related Concepts:

• энергия
• вольты
• провод