Russian Translation(s) & Details for 'disobedience'

English Word: disobedience

Key Russian Translations:

• непослушание [nʲɪpɐˈsluʂənʲɪjɪ] - [Formal, Noun, Used in contexts involving authority or rules]

Frequency: Medium (This word is commonly encountered in everyday discussions about behavior, education, and authority, but not in casual small talk.)

Difficulty: B1 (Intermediate, according to CEFR; learners at this level should be familiar with basic noun declensions and vocabulary related to emotions and social norms.)

Pronunciation (Russian):

непослушание: [nʲɪpɐˈsluʂənʲɪjɪ]

Note on непослушание: The stress falls on the fourth syllable ("slu"), which is a common challenge for English speakers due to Russian's variable stress patterns. Pronunciation may vary slightly in fast speech.

Audio: []

Meanings and Usage:

The act of refusing to obey rules, orders, or authority figures.

Translation(s) & Context:

• непослушание - Used in formal contexts such as legal, educational, or familial settings to describe willful defiance; appropriate for written and spoken Russian in serious discussions.

Usage Examples:

• Его непослушание привело к серьёзным последствиям в школе.

  His disobedience led to serious consequences at school.

• Родители часто сталкиваются с непослушанием у подростков.

  Parents often face disobedience from teenagers.

• В армии непослушание может быть расценено как нарушение дисциплины.

  In the army, disobedience can be seen as a breach of discipline.

• Детское непослушание иногда является нормой развития.

  Childish disobedience is sometimes a normal part of development.

• Её непослушание по отношению к правилам вызвало споры в семье.

  Her disobedience toward the rules sparked arguments in the family.

Russian Forms/Inflections:

"Непослушание" is a neuter noun in the third declension. It follows regular patterns for Russian nouns, with changes based on case and number. Below is a table outlining its basic inflections:

Note: This noun does not have irregular forms, making it relatively straightforward for learners, but always pay attention to the ending changes based on grammatical context.

Russian Synonyms/Antonyms:

• Synonyms:
  • ослушание - Similar to "disobedience" but often implies a more deliberate act of defiance.
  • бунт - Used for rebellion or uprising, with a connotation of group action.
• Antonyms:
  • послушание - Directly opposite, meaning obedience or compliance.
  • дисциплина - Refers to discipline, emphasizing self-control and adherence to rules.

Related Phrases:

• Детское непослушание - Childish disobedience; often used in parenting contexts to describe typical behavior in children.
• Непослушание авторитету - Disobedience to authority; common in discussions about social or political structures.
• Проявление непослушания - Manifestation of disobedience; used to describe visible signs of defiance in various scenarios.

Usage Notes:

"Непослушание" directly corresponds to "disobedience" in English, focusing on the refusal to follow instructions. It is typically formal and neutral, making it suitable for written texts like essays or reports, but less common in casual conversation where more descriptive phrases might be used. When choosing between translations like "непослушание" and "ослушание," opt for the former in everyday contexts and the latter for legal or intentional acts. Grammatically, ensure correct case agreement; for example, use the genitive form after prepositions like "из-за" (because of). English learners should note that Russian often pairs this word with verbs like "проявлять" (to show) to add nuance.

Common Errors:

• English speakers often misuse the case endings, such as using the nominative "непослушание" in a genitive context. For example, incorrect: "из-за непослушание" (should be "из-за непослушания"). Correct usage: "Из-за непослушания он был наказан." Explanation: Always adjust the noun to match the required case for proper sentence structure.

• Confusing it with synonyms, like using "бунт" when "непослушание" is more appropriate for individual actions. Incorrect: "Его бунт в классе" for simple classroom misbehavior; Correct: "Его непослушание в классе." Explanation: "Бунт" implies a larger-scale rebellion, which can exaggerate the meaning.

Cultural Notes:

In Russian culture, "непослушание" is often associated with themes of authority and respect, particularly in family, education, and military contexts. Historically, it reflects values from Soviet-era discipline, where obedience was emphasized. Today, it can carry a negative connotation in professional settings, but in child development discussions, it's sometimes viewed as a natural phase, influenced by Western psychological ideas.

Related Concepts:

• послушание
• дисциплина
• воспитание