Russian Translation(s) & Details for 'delicatessen'

English Word: delicatessen

Key Russian Translations:

• гастроном [ɡəstɹəˈnom] - [Neutral, Common]
• деликатесы [dʲɪlʲɪkɐˈtʲesɨ] - [Plural, Refers to delicatessen products]

Frequency: Medium

Difficulty: B1 (Intermediate) for both translations

Pronunciation (Russian):

гастроном: [ɡəstɹəˈnom]

Note on гастроном: Stress falls on the last syllable, which is typical for many borrowed words in Russian.

деликатесы: [dʲɪlʲɪkɐˈtʲesɨ]

Note on деликатесы: The soft 'д' and 'л' sounds may be challenging for non-native speakers; stress is on the third syllable.

Audio: []

Meanings and Usage:

1. A shop selling prepared foods

Translation(s) & Context:

• гастроном - Refers to a store or shop where prepared foods, gourmet items, and delicacies are sold.

Usage Examples:

• Я купил сыр и колбасу в гастрономе.

  I bought cheese and sausage at the delicatessen.

• Этот гастроном известен своими импортными продуктами.

  This delicatessen is known for its imported products.

• Гастроном на углу работает до десяти вечера.

  The delicatessen on the corner is open until ten in the evening.

2. Prepared gourmet foods or delicacies

Translation(s) & Context:

• деликатесы - Refers to the actual gourmet or specialty food items sold at a delicatessen.

Usage Examples:

• На праздничном столе были разные деликатесы.

  There were various delicacies on the holiday table.

• Мы купили деликатесы для ужина с друзьями.

  We bought delicacies for dinner with friends.

• Эти деликатесы стоят очень дорого.

  These delicacies are very expensive.

Russian Forms/Inflections:

гастроном (noun, masculine):

Case	Singular	Plural
Nominative	гастроном	гастрономы
Genitive	гастронома	гастрономов
Dative	гастроному	гастрономам
Accusative	гастроном	гастрономы
Instrumental	гастрономом	гастрономами
Prepositional	гастрономе	гастрономах

деликатесы (noun, plural only, masculine):

This word is used only in the plural form. Below are the case declensions:

Case	Plural
Nominative	деликатесы
Genitive	деликатесов
Dative	деликатесам
Accusative	деликатесы
Instrumental	деликатесами
Prepositional	деликатесах

Russian Synonyms/Antonyms:

Synonyms for гастроном:

• продуктовый магазин (more general term for a grocery store)

Note: While "продуктовый магазин" is broader, it lacks the connotation of gourmet or specialty items inherent in "гастроном".

Synonyms for деликатесы:

• лакомства (treats, often sweeter items)
• изыски (refined or exquisite foods)

Antonyms: None directly applicable for either term in common usage.

Related Phrases:

• купить деликатесы на праздник - Buy delicacies for a holiday.
• гастроном премиум-класса - A premium-class delicatessen (store).
• попробовать заморские деликатесы - Try overseas delicacies.

Usage Notes:

• "гастроном" specifically refers to a store or shop and should not be used to describe the food items themselves.
• "деликатесы" is always plural and refers to the gourmet food items, not the place of purchase.
• Both terms are neutral in register and can be used in formal and informal contexts, though "деликатесы" may carry a connotation of luxury or special occasions.

Common Errors:

• Error: Using "гастроном" to refer to food items. Incorrect: "Я купил гастроном." (I bought delicatessen.)
  Correct: "Я купил деликатесы в гастрономе." (I bought delicacies at the delicatessen.)
• Error: Using "деликатесы" in singular form. Incorrect: "Это деликатес."
  Correct: Use "деликатес" for singular if needed, though it’s less common.

Cultural Notes:

In Soviet and post-Soviet culture, a "гастроном" was a common type of grocery store, often associated with a wider range of products than a typical corner shop. Today, the term often implies a store with gourmet or imported goods, reflecting a shift in meaning influenced by Western concepts of a delicatessen. "Деликатесы" often evokes images of special treats, such as caviar, smoked fish, or imported cheeses, especially during holidays like New Year’s Eve in Russia.

Related Concepts:

• продукты (products/foodstuffs)
• магазин (store/shop)
• кулинария (culinary section or prepared foods)