Russian Translation(s) & Details for 'discrimination'

English Word: discrimination

Key Russian Translations:

• дискриминация (/dʲɪskrʲɪmʲɪˈnatsɨjə/) - [Formal]

Frequency: Medium (commonly used in legal, social, and academic contexts)

Difficulty: B2 (Intermediate; requires understanding of social issues and noun inflections)

Pronunciation (Russian):

дискриминация: /dʲɪskrʲɪmʲɪˈnatsɨjə/

Note on дискриминация: The stress is on the fourth syllable ("na"). Be mindful of the palatalized 'd' sound, which is common in Russian but may be challenging for English speakers.

Audio: []

Meanings and Usage:

1. The unjust or prejudicial treatment of different categories of people, especially on grounds of race, age, or sex.

Translation(s) & Context:

• дискриминация - Used in formal contexts such as laws, policies, or discussions about human rights.

Usage Examples:

• В нашей стране запрещена дискриминация по признаку пола. (V nashey strane zapreshchena diskriminatsiya po priznaku pola.)

  In our country, discrimination based on gender is prohibited.

• Дискриминация в трудоустройстве остается серьезной проблемой. (Diskriminatsiya v trudoustroystve ostayetsya seryoznoy problemoy.)

  Discrimination in employment remains a serious issue.

• Международные организации борются с дискриминацией меньшинств. (Mezhdunarodnye organizatsii borjutsya s diskriminatsiyey men'shinstv.)

  International organizations are fighting against discrimination of minorities.

• Дискриминация на основе расы осуждается во всем мире. (Diskriminatsiya na osnove rasy osuzhdayetsya vo vsem mire.)

  Discrimination based on race is condemned worldwide.

• Правительство ввело законы против дискриминации по возрасту. (Pravitelstvo vvelo zakony protiv diskriminatsii po vozrastu.)

  The government has introduced laws against age discrimination.

2. The ability to discern or distinguish differences (less common in everyday Russian usage).

Translation(s) & Context:

• дискриминация - Rarely used in this sense; more often, other words like "различие" (razlichie) are preferred in neutral contexts.

Usage Examples:

• В науке дискриминация между видами важна для классификации. (V nauke diskriminatsiya mezhdu vidami vazhna dlya klassifikatsii.)

  In science, discrimination between species is important for classification.

• Эта технология позволяет дискриминацию сигналов. (Eta tekhnologiya pozvolyaet diskriminatsiyu signalov.)

  This technology allows for the discrimination of signals.

Russian Forms/Inflections:

"Дискриминация" is a feminine noun in Russian, belonging to the first declension. It follows standard noun inflection patterns for case and number. Below is a table of its inflections:

Note: The word does not change in gender or have irregular forms, making it relatively straightforward for learners.

Russian Synonyms/Antonyms:

• Synonyms:
  • ущемление (ushchemelenie) - Often used for infringement or suppression.
  • предубеждение (predubezhdenie) - Implies bias or prejudice.
• Antonyms:
  • равенство (ravnost') - Equality.
  • справедливость (spravedlivost') - Justice or fairness.

Related Phrases:

• Расовая дискриминация (Rasovaya diskriminatsiya) - Racial discrimination; commonly used in human rights discussions.
• Половая дискриминация (Polovaya diskriminatsiya) - Gender discrimination; refers to bias based on sex.
• Дискриминация на рабочем месте (Diskriminatsiya na rabochem meste) - Workplace discrimination; highlights professional contexts.

Usage Notes:

"Дискриминация" directly corresponds to the English "discrimination" in its negative, prejudicial sense and is typically used in formal or official contexts. It is a loanword from English/French, so it retains a somewhat neutral tone but carries strong connotations in Russian society. When choosing this word, ensure the context involves systemic inequality; for subtler biases, "предубеждение" might be more appropriate. Grammatically, as a feminine noun, it must agree in gender with adjectives and verbs.

Common Errors:

• Confusing it with "дифференциация" (differentisatsiya), which means differentiation in a neutral or scientific sense. Incorrect: Использовать "дискриминация" для научных различий. Correct: Использовать "дифференциация". Explanation: This mix-up can lead to misunderstandings in professional contexts.
• Forgetting case inflections, e.g., using nominative in all situations. Incorrect: Борьба с дискриминация (should be "дискриминацией" in instrumental). Correct: Борьба с дискриминацией. Explanation: Russian requires case agreement, which English speakers often overlook.

Cultural Notes:

In Russian culture and society, "дискриминация" is a key term in discussions about Soviet and post-Soviet history, including issues like ethnic tensions in the former USSR. It often relates to policies on minority rights and is prominent in modern debates about LGBTQ+ rights and gender equality, reflecting ongoing social reforms.

Related Concepts:

• равенство (ravnost')
• предрассудки (predrassudki)
• толерантность (tolerantnost')