Russian Translation(s) & Details for 'Depressed'

English Word: Depressed

Key Russian Translations:

• депрессивный [dʲɪprʲɪˈsʲivnɨj] - [Formal, Adjective]
• подавленный [pədɐˈvlʲennɨj] - [Informal, Adjective]
• угнетённый [ʊɡnʲɪˈtʲonnɨj] - [Formal, Adjective]

Frequency: Medium

Difficulty: B1-B2 (Intermediate)

Pronunciation (Russian):

депрессивный: [dʲɪprʲɪˈsʲivnɨj]

Note on депрессивный: Stress falls on the third syllable. The 'и' is pronounced as a short 'i'.

подавленный: [pədɐˈvlʲennɨj]

Note on подавленный: Stress on the second syllable. The 'о' is reduced to a schwa sound in unstressed position.

угнетённый: [ʊɡnʲɪˈtʲonnɨj]

Note on угнетённый: Stress on the third syllable. The 'ё' is always stressed and pronounced as 'yo'.

Audio: []

Meanings and Usage:

1. Feeling Sad or Low in Spirits

Translation(s) & Context:

• подавленный - Used for temporary feelings of sadness or being emotionally down, often in informal contexts.
• депрессивный - Refers to a clinical or long-term state of depression, often in formal or medical contexts.

Usage Examples:

• Он выглядел подавленным после разговора с начальником.

  He looked depressed after the conversation with his boss.

• Её депрессивное состояние длилось несколько месяцев.

  Her depressed state lasted for several months.

• Я чувствую себя подавленным из-за плохих новостей.

  I feel depressed because of the bad news.

2. Oppressed or Downtrodden

Translation(s) & Context:

• угнетённый - Used in formal contexts to describe someone oppressed or burdened, often socially or politically.

Usage Examples:

• Угнетённые народы борются за свои права.

  The depressed (oppressed) peoples are fighting for their rights.

• Она чувствовала себя угнетённой из-за несправедливости.

  She felt depressed (oppressed) due to the injustice.

Russian Forms/Inflections:

депрессивный (Adjective): Regular adjective declension based on gender, number, and case.

Case	Masculine	Feminine	Neuter	Plural
Nominative	депрессивный	депрессивная	депрессивное	депрессивные
Genitive	депрессивного	депрессивной	депрессивного	депрессивных

подавленный (Adjective, Past Participle): Derived from the verb "подавить" (to suppress). Declines like a regular adjective but often used in specific forms.

угнетённый (Adjective, Past Participle): Derived from the verb "угнетать" (to oppress). Follows similar declension patterns as "подавленный."

Russian Synonyms/Antonyms:

Synonyms for депрессивный/подавленный (Feeling Sad):

• грустный
• печальный
• унылый

Note: "унылый" often implies a deeper, more melancholic sadness than "грустный."

Antonyms for депрессивный/подавленный (Feeling Sad):

• весёлый
• радостный
• счастливый

Related Phrases:

• депрессивное расстройство - Depressive disorder (clinical term for depression).
• чувствовать себя подавленным - To feel down or depressed (informal expression).
• угнетённое состояние - A state of oppression or depression (formal or metaphorical).

Usage Notes:

• "депрессивный" is more formal and often used in medical or psychological contexts to describe a clinical state of depression.
• "подавленный" is more common in everyday speech to express temporary sadness or low spirits.
• "угнетённый" carries a connotation of oppression and is often used in social or political discussions rather than personal feelings.
• Be mindful of the context when choosing between these translations, as they are not always interchangeable.

Common Errors:

• Error: Using "депрессивный" for casual sadness.
  Incorrect: Я чувствую себя депрессивным из-за дождя.
  Correct: Я чувствую себя подавленным из-за дождя.
  Explanation: "депрессивный" implies a serious or clinical condition, while "подавленный" is appropriate for temporary emotions.
• Error: Confusing "угнетённый" with personal sadness.
  Incorrect: Я угнетённый из-за плохих оценок.
  Correct: Я подавленный из-за плохих оценок.
  Explanation: "угнетённый" is more suited for describing systemic oppression rather than personal feelings.

Cultural Notes:

In Russian culture, openly discussing personal feelings of depression or sadness can sometimes be stigmatized, especially among older generations. The term "депрессия" (depression) is increasingly recognized in modern contexts, but informal expressions like "чувствовать себя подавленным" are often preferred in everyday conversations to avoid sounding overly clinical or dramatic.

Related Concepts:

• грусть (sadness)
• тоска (melancholy, longing)
• апатия (apathy)