Russian Translation(s) & Details for 'denial'

English Word: denial

Key Russian Translations:

• отказ [ˈotkəz] - [Formal, General Use]
• отрицание [ˌotrʲɪˈtsanʲɪjə] - [Formal, Often Psychological or Abstract]

Frequency: Medium

Difficulty: B1 (Intermediate) for both translations

Pronunciation (Russian):

отказ: [ˈotkəz]

Note on отказ: Stress falls on the first syllable. The 'о' is pronounced as a clear 'o' sound.

отрицание: [ˌotrʲɪˈtsanʲɪjə]

Note on отрицание: Stress falls on the third syllable. The 'ц' is a soft 'ts' sound, and 'ие' at the end is pronounced as 'ye'.

Audio: []

Meanings and Usage:

1. Refusal or Rejection

Translation(s) & Context:

• отказ - Used when referring to a refusal of a request, permission, or offer.

Usage Examples:

• Я получил отказ на свою заявку.

  I received a denial for my application.

• Её отказ удивил всех.

  Her denial surprised everyone.

• Отказ от сотрудничества был неожиданным.

  The denial of cooperation was unexpected.

2. Denial of Reality or Fact (Psychological/Abstract)

Translation(s) & Context:

• отрицание - Used in contexts of denying facts, emotions, or reality, often in psychological terms.

Usage Examples:

• Он находится в стадии отрицания после потери.

  He is in the stage of denial after the loss.

• Отрицание правды не поможет решить проблему.

  Denial of the truth won’t help solve the problem.

• Его отрицание очевидного раздражает.

  His denial of the obvious is irritating.

Russian Forms/Inflections:

отказ (Noun, Masculine, Inanimate):

Case	Singular	Plural
Nominative	отказ	отказы
Genitive	отказа	отказов
Dative	отказу	отказам
Accusative	отказ	отказы
Instrumental	отказом	отказами
Prepositional	об отказе	об отказах

отрицание (Noun, Neuter, Inanimate):

Case	Singular	Plural
Nominative	отрицание	отрицания
Genitive	отрицания	отрицаний
Dative	отрицанию	отрицаниям
Accusative	отрицание	отрицания
Instrumental	отрицанием	отрицаниями
Prepositional	об отрицании	об отрицаниях

Russian Synonyms/Antonyms:

Synonyms for отказ:

• неприятие
• отвержение

Note: 'неприятие' is more formal and often implies rejection of ideas or concepts, while 'отвержение' can be used for both physical and abstract refusals.

Synonyms for отрицание:

• опровержение
• непризнание

Antonyms for отказ:

• согласие
• разрешение

Antonyms for отрицание:

• признание
• подтверждение

Related Phrases:

• отказ в визе - Denial of a visa.
• отказ от прав - Waiver or denial of rights.
• отрицание фактов - Denial of facts.
• стадия отрицания - Stage of denial (psychological context).

Usage Notes:

• отказ is the more common translation for 'denial' in the sense of refusing something tangible, such as a request or application. It is generally neutral in tone and widely used in both formal and informal contexts.
• отрицание is used for abstract or psychological denial, such as denying reality or facts. It is more formal and often appears in academic or therapeutic discussions.
• Be mindful of the context when choosing between these translations, as using 'отрицание' for a simple refusal (e.g., denying a request) may sound overly formal or incorrect.

Common Errors:

• Error: Using 'отрицание' when referring to a practical refusal. Incorrect: "Я получил отрицание на визу." Correct: "Я получил отказ на визу." (I received a denial for a visa.)
• Error: Misusing cases after 'отказ'. For example, saying "отказ от предложение" instead of "отказ от предложения" (genitive case required after 'от').

Cultural Notes:

In Russian culture, direct refusals ('отказ') can sometimes be softened to avoid offending someone. Instead of a blunt 'нет', Russians might use phrases like 'я подумаю' (I’ll think about it) to imply a polite denial. Understanding this nuance can help in social interactions.

Related Concepts:

• согласие (agreement)
• разрешение (permission)
• признание (acknowledgment)