Russian Translation(s) & Details for 'demobilize'

English Word: demobilize

Key Russian Translations:

• демобилизовать [dʲɪməbʲɪlʲɪˈzovatʲ] - [Formal, Military Context]
• увольнять в запас [ʊˈvolʲnʲatʲ v ˈzapas] - [Formal, Often Legal or Administrative]

Frequency: Medium (used in specific contexts like military or administrative discussions)

Difficulty: B2 (Intermediate) for both translations due to specific context and verb conjugation complexity

Pronunciation (Russian):

демобилизовать: [dʲɪməbʲɪlʲɪˈzovatʲ]

Note on демобилизовать: Stress falls on the fourth syllable. The prefix "де-" is common in Russian for reversal actions.

увольнять в запас: [ʊˈvolʲnʲatʲ v ˈzapas]

Note on уволнять в запас: Stress on the first syllable of "увольнять" and the first syllable of "запас".

Audio: []

Meanings and Usage:

1. To release from military service

Translation(s) & Context:

• демобилизовать - Used in formal military contexts to indicate discharge from active duty.
• увольнять в запас - Often used in legal or administrative contexts to refer to transferring to reserve status.

Usage Examples:

• После войны многих солдат демобилизовали.

  After the war, many soldiers were demobilized.

• Правительство решило демобилизовать часть войск.

  The government decided to demobilize part of the troops.

• Его уволили в запас после двух лет службы.

  He was discharged to the reserve after two years of service.

• Увольнять в запас можно только по решению командования.

  Discharge to the reserve can only be done by the command's decision.

• Демобилизованные солдаты получили компенсацию.

  Demobilized soldiers received compensation.

Russian Forms/Inflections:

демобилизовать (Verb, Perfective): This verb follows regular conjugation patterns for perfective verbs in Russian. Below is the present and past tense conjugation:

увольнять в запас (Verb Phrase, Imperfective): The verb "увольнять" is imperfective and regularly conjugated. "Запас" (reserve) is a masculine noun and declines accordingly.

Russian Synonyms/Antonyms:

Synonyms for демобилизовать:

• уволить из армии
• освободить от службы

Note: "уволить из армии" is more colloquial, while "освободить от службы" may imply exemption rather than standard discharge.

Antonyms for демобилизовать:

• мобилизовать
• призывать на службу

Related Phrases:

• демобилизоваться из армии - To be discharged from the army (reflexive form, often used by soldiers themselves).
• увольнение в запас - Discharge to the reserve (nominal form, often in documents).

Usage Notes:

• "демобилизовать" is more commonly used in direct military contexts and implies a completed action due to its perfective aspect.
• "увольнять в запас" often appears in formal or legal contexts and can imply a transfer to reserve status rather than a complete discharge.
• English speakers should note that Russian verbs of this nature often carry aspectual nuances (perfective vs. imperfective), which do not exist in English.

Common Errors:

• Error: Using "демобилизовать" in an imperfective context. Incorrect: "Я демобилизую каждый день." Correct: Use the imperfective form if describing ongoing action (though rare for this verb).
• Error: Confusing "увольнять в запас" with general dismissal. Incorrect: "Его уволили в запас из компании." Correct: This phrase is specific to military reserve discharge, not civilian job dismissal ("уволить с работы").

Cultural Notes:

In Russian culture, demobilization ("демобилизация") often carries significant emotional and social weight, especially in the context of post-war periods or mandatory military service. It is associated with returning to civilian life and is sometimes celebrated with rituals or gatherings.

Related Concepts:

• мобилизация (mobilization)
• военная служба (military service)
• запас (reserve)