Russian Translation(s) & Details for 'consign'

English Word: consign

Key Russian Translations:

• отправлять [ɐtˈpravʲɪtʲ] - [Formal, Often used for shipping or dispatching]
• передавать [pʲɪrʲɪˈdavatʲ] - [Neutral, Used for transferring or handing over]
• вверять [vʲɪˈrʲatʲ] - [Formal, Literary, Used for entrusting]

Frequency: Medium (used in specific contexts like logistics or formal writing)

Difficulty: B2 (Intermediate) for "отправлять" and "передавать"; C1 (Advanced) for "вверять"

Pronunciation (Russian):

отправлять: [ɐtˈpravʲɪtʲ]

Note on отправлять: Stress falls on the second syllable. The 'в' is pronounced softly due to palatalization.

передавать: [pʲɪrʲɪˈdavatʲ]

Note on передавать: Stress on the third syllable. The initial 'п' is palatalized.

вверять: [vʲɪˈrʲatʲ]

Note on вверять: Stress on the second syllable. Less common in spoken language.

Audio: []

Meanings and Usage:

1. To send or ship (e.g., goods)

Translation(s) & Context:

• отправлять - Commonly used for sending goods or items via transport.

Usage Examples:

• Мы отправляем товары за границу каждый месяц.

  We consign goods abroad every month.

• Компания отправила груз в Москву.

  The company consigned the cargo to Moscow.

• Когда вы планируете отправить посылку?

  When do you plan to consign the package?

2. To hand over or transfer (e.g., responsibility or control)

Translation(s) & Context:

• передавать - Used for transferring duties, rights, or items to someone else.
• вверять - More formal or literary, often implying trust or a solemn act of entrusting.

Usage Examples:

• Он передал свои обязанности помощнику.

  He consigned his duties to his assistant.

• Мы передали проект новой команде.

  We consigned the project to the new team.

• Она вверила мне свои самые сокровенные тайны.

  She consigned her deepest secrets to me.

• Судьбу страны вверили новому лидеру.

  The fate of the country was consigned to the new leader.

Russian Forms/Inflections:

отправлять (Imperfective Verb): Regular conjugation in the first conjugation group. Below is the present tense conjugation:

Person	Singular	Plural
1st	отправляю	отправляем
2nd	отправляешь	отправляете
3rd	отправляет	отправляют

Note: Perfective form is "отправить".

передавать (Imperfective Verb): Similar regular conjugation in the first group. Perfective form is "передать".

вверять (Imperfective Verb): Less common, follows regular conjugation. Perfective form is "вверить".

Russian Synonyms/Antonyms:

Synonyms for отправлять:

• посылать
• отсылать

Note: "посылать" is more colloquial; "отсылать" often implies returning or sending back.

Synonyms for передавать:

• переправлять
• давать

Antonyms:

• получать (to receive)
• забирать (to take back)

Related Phrases:

• отправлять на хранение - to consign for storage
• передавать из рук в руки - to consign directly from hand to hand
• вверять свою судьбу - to consign one’s fate (to someone)

Usage Notes:

• "отправлять" is the most common translation when referring to shipping or sending physical items. Use it in logistics or postal contexts.
• "передавать" is broader and can apply to abstract concepts like responsibilities or messages, as well as physical objects.
• "вверять" is formal and often used in literary or solemn contexts, implying trust or a significant act of entrusting.
• Be mindful of aspect: Russian verbs like these have imperfective and perfective forms (e.g., "отправлять" vs. "отправить"), which affect the meaning regarding completion of the action.

Common Errors:

• Error: Using "вверять" in casual contexts. Incorrect: "Я вверил письмо другу." Correct: "Я передал письмо другу." Explanation: "вверять" is too formal for everyday actions like handing over a letter.
• Error: Ignoring verb aspect. Incorrect: "Я отправляю посылку вчера." Correct: "Я отправил посылку вчера." Explanation: Use the perfective "отправил" for past completed actions.

Cultural Notes:

In Russian, the concept of "entrusting" something (as with "вверять") often carries a deeper emotional or moral weight, reflecting historical and cultural emphasis on trust and personal bonds. This is especially evident in literature or formal speeches.

Related Concepts:

• доверять (to trust)
• поручать (to entrust a task)
• перевозить (to transport)