Russian Translation(s) & Details for 'collateral'

English Word: collateral

Key Russian Translations:

• залог (/zɐˈlok/) - [Formal, Used in financial or legal contexts]
• обеспечение (/ɐbʲɪsˈpʲeʧʲɪnʲje/) - [Formal, More general security or guarantee]

Frequency: Medium (Common in business and legal discussions, but not everyday conversation)

Difficulty: B1 (Intermediate; requires understanding of financial terminology and basic noun declensions)

Pronunciation (Russian):

залог: /zɐˈlok/

обеспечение: /ɐbʲɪsˈpʲeʧʲɪnʲje/

Note on залог: The stress is on the second syllable; be careful with the soft 'л' sound, which is palatalized.

Audio: []

Meanings and Usage:

1. Something pledged as security for repayment of a loan (e.g., assets)

Translation(s) & Context:

• залог - Used in formal financial contexts, such as banking or contracts.
• обеспечение - Applied more broadly, including non-physical guarantees.

Usage Examples:

• Он предоставил дом в качестве залога для кредита.

  He provided the house as collateral for the loan.

• Банк требует обеспечение для одобрения займа.

  The bank requires collateral for approving the loan.

• В случае невыполнения обязательств, залог будет изъят.

  In case of default, the collateral will be seized.

• Это обеспечение включает ценные бумаги и недвижимость.

  This collateral includes securities and real estate.

2. Secondary or accompanying (less common usage, e.g., in military contexts)

Translation(s) & Context:

• залог (rarely used in this sense) - In historical or military contexts, meaning auxiliary forces.

Usage Examples:

• Во время войны использовались collateral войска для поддержки основных сил.

  During the war, collateral troops were used to support the main forces.

• Эти collateral повреждения были неизбежны в конфликте.

  These collateral damages were inevitable in the conflict. (Note: In Russian, this is often translated as "побочные повреждения", but залог can be adapted in specific contexts.)

Russian Forms/Inflections:

For "залог" (a masculine noun, 2nd declension):

For "обеспечение" (neuter noun, follows standard patterns):

It is invariable in most forms but changes in plural: Nominative singular: обеспечение; Genitive singular: обеспечения; Plural: обеспечения (with case variations as per neuter nouns).

Russian Synonyms/Antonyms:

• Synonyms:
  • обеспечение (more general, often interchangeable in financial contexts)
  • гарантия (implies a promise or warranty)
• Antonyms:
  • долг (debt, as it represents the opposite obligation)
  • риск (risk, contrasting with security)

Related Phrases:

• предоставить залог - To provide collateral (used when offering security for a loan).
• залог имущества - Collateral of property (specific to real estate or assets).
• обеспечение кредита - Loan security (a common phrase in banking).

Usage Notes:

In Russian, "залог" is the most direct translation for "collateral" in financial contexts and follows standard masculine noun declensions. Choose "обеспечение" when the meaning is broader, such as general guarantees. Be mindful of context: in informal settings, these terms might be simplified, but in legal documents, precision is key. Unlike English, Russian requires agreement in case, number, and gender, so always decline appropriately in sentences.

Common Errors:

• Mistake: Using "залог" without proper declension, e.g., saying "Я имею залог" instead of "Я имею залог" (correct, but in other cases like "без залога" for genitive).
  Correct: In genitive, it should be "без залога". Explanation: English learners often forget case changes, leading to grammatical errors.
• Mistake: Confusing "залог" with "залогин" (a misspelling or confusion with login).
  Correct: Use "залог" for collateral; "логин" for login. Explanation: This mix-up occurs due to similar sounds, but they are unrelated.

Cultural Notes:

In Russian culture and legal systems, "залог" plays a significant role in property and financial transactions, often tied to historical practices under the Soviet era where state banks required strict collateral for loans. This reflects a broader cultural emphasis on security and risk aversion in economic dealings.

Related Concepts:

• кредит
• договор
• финансы