Russian Translation(s) & Details for 'Calendar'

English Word: calendar

Key Russian Translations:

• календарь [kɐlʲɪnˈdarʲ] - [Formal, Neutral]

Frequency: High

Difficulty: A1 (Beginner)

Pronunciation (Russian):

календарь: [kɐlʲɪnˈdarʲ]

Note on календарь: Stress falls on the last syllable, which is typical for many borrowed words in Russian.

Audio: []

Meanings and Usage:

1. A system for organizing days (e.g., wall calendar, planner)

Translation(s) & Context:

• календарь - Refers to a physical calendar or a system of organizing dates, used in formal and everyday contexts.

Usage Examples:

• Я купил новый календарь на 2024 год.

  I bought a new calendar for 2024.

• На календаре отмечены все праздники.

  All holidays are marked on the calendar.

• У меня есть календарь на телефоне.

  I have a calendar on my phone.

• Календарь висит на стене в кухне.

  The calendar is hanging on the wall in the kitchen.

• Этот календарь очень удобный для планирования.

  This calendar is very convenient for planning.

Russian Forms/Inflections:

The word календарь is a masculine noun in Russian. It follows the standard declension pattern for masculine nouns ending in a soft consonant.

Russian Synonyms/Antonyms:

Synonyms:

• ежедневник (refers more to a planner or diary)

Note: While "ежедневник" can overlap with "календарь" in some contexts, it often implies a personal organizer rather than a general calendar.

Antonyms:

• N/A (No direct antonyms for "calendar")

Related Phrases:

• настенный календарь - Wall calendar
• календарный год - Calendar year
• церковный календарь - Church calendar (religious context)

Usage Notes:

• The Russian word "календарь" is used in both formal and informal contexts and is the direct equivalent of the English "calendar." It can refer to a physical calendar, a digital one, or the concept of a calendar system.
• Unlike English, Russian does not commonly use "calendar" metaphorically or in idiomatic expressions, so its usage is more literal.
• Be mindful of the grammatical gender (masculine) when using adjectives or pronouns with "календарь."

Common Errors:

• Error: Mispronouncing "календарь" by stressing the first syllable. Incorrect: [ˈkalʲɪndarʲ] vs. Correct: [kɐlʲɪnˈdarʲ]. Explanation: Stress in Russian is crucial, and misplacing it can make the word sound unnatural.
• Error: Using incorrect case endings, e.g., saying "календар" instead of "календаря" in the genitive case. Explanation: Russian nouns decline based on their role in the sentence, so learners must memorize the correct forms.

Cultural Notes:

In Russia, calendars often play a significant role in marking national and religious holidays, such as New Year (the most celebrated holiday) and Orthodox Christmas (January 7th, based on the Julian calendar). Many Russians still refer to both Gregorian and Julian calendars for religious observances, which might be reflected in the use of "церковный календарь" (church calendar).

Related Concepts:

• дата (date)
• месяц (month)
• год (year)
• праздник (holiday)