Russian Translation(s) & Details for 'botulism'

English Word: botulism

Key Russian Translations:

• ботулизм [bə'tu.lizm] - [Medical term, Formal]

Frequency: Low (Primarily used in medical and scientific contexts; not common in everyday conversation)

Difficulty: Advanced (Equivalent to CEFR C1 level, as it involves specialized medical vocabulary and requires familiarity with Russian scientific terminology)

Pronunciation (Russian):

ботулизм: [bə'tu.lizm]

Note on ботулизм: The stress falls on the second syllable ('tu'), which is common in Russian loanwords from English. Be careful with the 'л' sound, which is a soft 'l' in Russian, potentially challenging for English speakers.

Audio: []

Meanings and Usage:

Meaning: A rare but serious illness caused by a toxin produced by the bacterium Clostridium botulinum, which affects the body's nerves and can lead to paralysis.

Translation(s) & Context:

• ботулизм - Used in formal medical or scientific discussions to describe the disease, often in contexts involving food poisoning or neurological symptoms.

Usage Examples:

• Врач диагностировал ботулизм у пациента после употребления консервированных продуктов.

  The doctor diagnosed botulism in the patient after consuming canned products.

• Симптомы ботулизма включают слабость мышц и затрудненное дыхание.

  Symptoms of botulism include muscle weakness and difficulty breathing.

• Правительственные органы предупреждают о рисках ботулизма в неправильно хранящихся продуктах.

  Government agencies warn about the risks of botulism in improperly stored products.

• Исследования ботулизма помогли разработать вакцины против бактериальных токсинов.

  Studies on botulism have helped develop vaccines against bacterial toxins.

• В случае подозрения на ботулизм немедленно обратитесь к врачу.

  In case of suspected botulism, seek medical attention immediately.

Russian Forms/Inflections:

ботулизм is a masculine noun (мужской род) in Russian, derived from English, and follows the standard patterns of third-declension nouns. It has regular inflections based on case and number. Below is a table of its declensions:

Note: The plural form is less commonly used, as botulism is typically discussed in singular contexts, but it can apply when referring to multiple cases or types.

Russian Synonyms/Antonyms:

• Synonyms:
  • ботулизм (no direct synonyms, but related: отравление ботулизмом - poisoning by botulism toxin)
  • клинический ботулизм (clinical botulism, for more specific medical contexts)
• Antonyms: N/A (As this is a specific medical condition, antonyms are not typically applicable)

Related Phrases:

• симптомы ботулизма - Symptoms of botulism (Refers to the signs and effects of the disease in medical discussions).
• профилактика ботулизма - Prevention of botulism (Used in health education to discuss avoidance strategies).
• отравление ботулизмом - Botulism poisoning (A common phrase for the cause of the illness, often in food safety contexts).

Usage Notes:

ботулизм directly corresponds to the English term "botulism" as a medical noun and is used exclusively in formal, professional settings such as hospitals, research papers, or public health announcements. It is not appropriate for casual conversation. When translating, ensure the context is scientific; for general poisoning, you might consider broader terms like "отравление." Grammar-wise, always decline it according to Russian case rules to fit sentence structure. If multiple translations exist, ботулизм is the most precise for this specific disease.

Common Errors:

• Error: Confusing ботулизм with other types of poisoning, such as using "отравление" alone without specifying.
  Correct: Use "ботулизм" for this exact condition to avoid ambiguity.
  Example of error: "Пациент имеет отравление" (implies general poisoning).
  Correct example: "Пациент имеет ботулизм" (specifies the disease).

• Error: Incorrect declension, e.g., using the nominative form in all cases.
  Correct: Adjust for case, as in "из-за ботулизма" (genitive for "because of botulism").
  Example of error: "из-за ботулизм" (incorrect).
  Correct example: "из-за ботулизма" (proper genitive form).

Cultural Notes:

ботулизм as a term reflects Russia's integration of international medical terminology, often borrowed from English or Latin due to global scientific collaboration. It doesn't carry unique cultural connotations but is relevant in contexts of food safety, especially in regions with home canning practices, where botulism outbreaks have historically occurred.

Related Concepts:

• токсин (toxin)
• отравление (poisoning)
• инфекция (infection)
• Clostridium botulinum (the bacterium, often referred to in Russian as "клоostridiya botulinum")