Russian Translation(s) & Details for 'bloated'

English Word: bloated

Key Russian Translations:

• раздувшийся [rɐzˈdufʲʂɨj] - [Informal, used for physical swelling]
• вздувшийся [vzdʊfʲʂɨj] - [Formal, often in medical contexts]
• избыточный [ɪzˈbɨt͡ɕnɨj] - [Neutral, for metaphorical or abstract bloating, e.g., in computing]

Frequency: Medium (commonly used in everyday language, especially in health and informal discussions)

Difficulty: B1 (Intermediate; requires understanding of adjective inflections, but basic forms are straightforward for learners at this level)

Pronunciation (Russian):

раздувшийся: [rɐzˈdufʲʂɨj]

вздувшийся: [vzdʊfʲʂɨj]

избыточный: [ɪzˈbɨt͡ɕnɨj]

Note on раздувшийся: The "щ" sound can be challenging for English speakers; it's a soft, voiceless palatal fricative, similar to "sh" in "she" but more sibilant. Pronounce it with a slight hiss.

Audio: []

Meanings and Usage:

Meaning 1: Physically swollen or inflated (e.g., referring to a body part or object)

Translation(s) & Context:

• раздувшийся - Used in informal everyday conversations, such as describing a swollen ankle after an injury.
• вздувшийся - Preferred in formal or medical contexts, like in a doctor's report.

Usage Examples:

• Его живот раздулся после обеда. (His stomach bloated after lunch.)

  English Translation: His stomach bloated after lunch. (This example shows the adjective in a simple descriptive context.)

• После укуса насекомого нога вздулась и покраснела. (After the insect bite, the leg bloated and turned red.)

  English Translation: After the insect bite, the leg bloated and turned red. (Illustrates use in a health-related scenario.)

• Баллон был раздувшийся, но не лопнул. (The balloon was bloated but didn't burst.)

  English Translation: The balloon was bloated but didn't burst. (Demonstrates with an inanimate object.)

• Из-за аллергии лицо стало избыточным в объеме. (Due to the allergy, the face became bloated in volume.)

  English Translation: Due to the allergy, the face became bloated in volume. (Shows a metaphorical extension.)

Meaning 2: Excessively large, inflated, or overloaded (e.g., in computing or abstract senses)

Translation(s) & Context:

• избыточный - Common in technical or professional contexts, such as software development.
• раздувшийся - Occasionally used informally for exaggerated situations, like a bloated budget.

Usage Examples:

• Этот файл избыточный из-за ненужных данных. (This file is bloated due to unnecessary data.)

  English Translation: This file is bloated due to unnecessary data. (Example in a digital context.)

• Проект раздулся из-за дополнительных требований. (The project became bloated because of extra requirements.)

  English Translation: The project became bloated because of extra requirements. (Shows progression in a business setting.)

• Код программы стал избыточным и медленным. (The program's code has become bloated and slow.)

  English Translation: The program's code has become bloated and slow. (Technical usage with implications.)

• Бюджет раздулся до неузнаваемости. (The budget bloated beyond recognition.)

  English Translation: The budget bloated beyond recognition. (Informal metaphorical use.)

Russian Forms/Inflections:

These translations are adjectives, which in Russian inflect based on gender, number, and case. For example, "раздувшийся" is an adjective that follows standard patterns for short-form adjectives in some contexts but can be long-form in others.

Note: These adjectives are regular and follow the standard pattern for Russian adjectives. If used in other cases (e.g., Genitive), they change endings accordingly (e.g., раздувшегося in Genitive Singular Masculine).

Russian Synonyms/Antonyms:

• Synonyms:
  • вздувшийся (similar to раздувшийся, but more formal)
  • отечный (specifically for swelling due to fluid)
  • надувшийся (for inflated objects, with a connotation of being puffed up)
• Antonyms:
  • сдутый (deflated)
  • компактный (compact, opposite of bloated in abstract senses)

Related Phrases:

• Раздувшийся живот - A swollen stomach; often used in health contexts to describe bloating after eating.
• Избыточный код - Bloated code; common in programming to refer to inefficient software.
• Вздувшаяся вена - A swollen vein; used in medical discussions.

Usage Notes:

"Bloated" in English often carries a negative connotation, which is mirrored in Russian translations like "раздувшийся" or "избыточный." Choose "вздувшийся" for formal or medical scenarios to sound more professional. Be mindful of gender agreement in sentences; for example, use "раздувшаяся" for feminine nouns. In abstract uses, "избыточный" is ideal for non-physical contexts like technology.

Common Errors:

• Mistake: Using "раздувшийся" without proper inflection, e.g., saying "раздувшийся женщина" instead of "раздувшаяся женщина."
  Correct: Ensure adjective agrees with the noun's gender and case.
  Explanation: Russian adjectives must match the noun they describe; this is a common oversight for English speakers used to invariant adjectives.
• Mistake: Confusing "раздувшийся" with "надувшийся," which implies artificial inflation rather than natural swelling.
  Correct: Use "раздувшийся" for organic bloating.
  Explanation: The nuance can change the meaning entirely, leading to misunderstandings in context.

Cultural Notes:

In Russian culture, terms like "раздувшийся" are often linked to health discussions, such as in traditional medicine or everyday conversations about diet. For instance, bloating is commonly associated with rich foods in Slavic cuisine, reflecting cultural attitudes toward hearty meals.

Related Concepts:

• отек (swelling)
• надувание (inflation)
• компрессия (compression, as an opposite concept)