Russian Translation(s) & Details for 'Battery'

English Word: Battery

Key Russian Translations:

• батарея [bɐtɐˈrʲejə] - [General, Common]
• аккумулятор [ɐkʊmʊˈlʲatər] - [Technical, Often used for rechargeable batteries]

Frequency: High (both translations are widely used)

Difficulty: A2 (Beginner-Intermediate; both terms are straightforward but context-dependent)

Pronunciation (Russian):

батарея: [bɐtɐˈrʲejə]

Note on батарея: Stress falls on the third syllable. The 'r' is rolled, typical of Russian pronunciation.

аккумулятор: [ɐkʊmʊˈlʲatər]

Note on аккумулятор: Stress on the fourth syllable. The 'л' is soft due to the following 'я'.

Audio: []

Meanings and Usage:

1. Battery as a Power Source (e.g., in devices or vehicles)

Translation(s) & Context:

• батарея - Used for general batteries, like in flashlights or toys.
• аккумулятор - Often refers to rechargeable batteries, especially in cars or tech contexts.

Usage Examples:

• У меня села батарея в телефоне.

  My phone battery is dead.

• Нужно заменить аккумулятор в машине.

  I need to replace the car battery.

• Где можно купить батарею для часов?

  Where can I buy a battery for a watch?

• Этот аккумулятор долго держит заряд.

  This battery holds a charge for a long time.

• Батарея в пульте разрядилась.

  The battery in the remote has run out.

2. Battery as a Military Term (e.g., artillery unit)

Translation(s) & Context:

• батарея - Refers to a military battery, such as an artillery unit.

Usage Examples:

• Артиллерийская батарея была размещена на холме.

  The artillery battery was positioned on the hill.

• Батарея открыла огонь по врагу.

  The battery opened fire on the enemy.

• Командир батареи отдал приказ отступить.

  The battery commander gave the order to retreat.

Russian Forms/Inflections:

батарея (noun, feminine): Follows the standard feminine noun declension in Russian.

аккумулятор (noun, masculine): Follows the standard masculine noun declension.

Russian Synonyms/Antonyms:

Synonyms for батарея (power source):

• элемент питания

Note: "элемент питания" is less common and more technical, often used for small batteries.

Synonyms for аккумулятор:

• аккумуляторная батарея

Antonyms: None directly applicable for this concept.

Related Phrases:

• разрядить батарею - to discharge the battery
• зарядить аккумулятор - to charge the battery
• батарея отопления - heating battery/radiator (a different but related use of "батарея")

Usage Notes:

• "Батарея" is the more general term for a battery and can be used in most everyday contexts, including military terminology.
• "Аккумулятор" specifically implies a rechargeable battery and is often used in technical or automotive contexts.
• Be mindful of context, as "батарея" can also mean "radiator" (for heating) in Russian, which might confuse learners.

Common Errors:

• Error: Using "аккумулятор" for non-rechargeable batteries.
  Incorrect: Купи аккумулятор для фонарика.
  Correct: Купи батарею для фонарика.
  Explanation: "Аккумулятор" implies rechargeability, so it’s incorrect for disposable batteries.
• Error: Misusing "батарея" in a technical context where precision is needed.
  Incorrect: У машины села батарея.
  Correct: У машины сел аккумулятор.
  Explanation: In automotive contexts, "аккумулятор" is the standard term.

Cultural Notes:

In Russian, the word "батарея" also commonly refers to radiators used for heating in homes, especially in older Soviet-style apartments. This dual meaning can be surprising to learners, so context is key when interpreting or using the word.

Related Concepts:

• зарядка (charging)
• энергия (energy)
• электричество (electricity)