Russian Translation(s) & Details for 'Awake'

English Word: awake

Key Russian Translations:

• бодрствующий [ˈbodrstvujʂːɪj] - [Formal, Adjective]
• проснувшийся [prɐˈsnuvʂːɪjsʲə] - [Informal, Past Participle]
• не спящий [nʲe ˈspʲaʂːɪj] - [Neutral, Descriptive]

Frequency: Medium (commonly used in specific contexts like describing state of wakefulness)

Difficulty: B1 (Intermediate) for all translations, due to grammatical nuances and context-specific usage

Pronunciation (Russian):

бодрствующий: [ˈbodrstvujʂːɪj]

Note on бодрствующий: Stress falls on the first syllable; the "щ" sound is a distinct Russian sound, similar to a prolonged "shch".

проснувшийся: [prɐˈsnuvʂːɪjsʲə]

Note on проснувшийся: Stress on the second syllable; the ending varies by gender and number.

не спящий: [nʲe ˈspʲaʂːɪj]

Audio: []

Meanings and Usage:

1. Not Asleep (State of Being Awake)

Translation(s) & Context:

• бодрствующий - Used in formal or literary contexts to describe someone who is awake or alert.
• не спящий - A neutral term, often used descriptively to indicate someone is not sleeping.

Usage Examples:

• Он был бодрствующий всю ночь, готовясь к экзамену.

  He was awake all night preparing for the exam.

• В комнате горел свет, кто-то был не спящий.

  The light was on in the room; someone was awake.

• Бодрствующий ум не даёт мне уснуть.

  My awake mind won't let me fall asleep.

2. Having Woken Up (Action of Becoming Awake)

Translation(s) & Context:

• проснувшийся - Refers to someone who has just woken up, often used informally.

Usage Examples:

• Проснувшийся ребёнок начал плакать.

  The child who had just woken up started crying.

• Она выглядела усталой, как только проснувшаяся.

  She looked tired, as if she had just woken up.

Russian Forms/Inflections:

бодрствующий (Adjective): Declines according to gender, number, and case. Below is the nominative case table:

проснувшийся (Past Participle of проснуться): Changes by gender and number, used as an adjective. Nominative forms are: проснувшийся (m.), проснувшаяся (f.), проснувшееся (n.), проснувшиеся (pl.).

не спящий (Adjective Phrase): Follows standard adjective declension for "спящий" with the negative particle "не".

Russian Synonyms/Antonyms:

Synonyms for бодрствующий / не спящий:

• активный (active, alert - slightly different nuance)
• бдительный (vigilant - used in specific contexts)

Antonyms for бодрствующий / не спящий:

• спящий (asleep)
• дремлющий (dozing)

Related Phrases:

• быть бодрствующим - to be awake (used to describe a state of alertness or wakefulness)
• проснуться рано - to wake up early (common expression for the action of becoming awake)
• не спящий глаз - an eye that doesn’t sleep (idiomatic, meaning being vigilant or watchful)

Usage Notes:

• "бодрствующий" is more formal and often used in written or literary contexts. It implies not just being awake but also alert.
• "проснувшийся" specifically refers to the act of having woken up and is tied to the verb "проснуться" (to wake up).
• "не спящий" is a neutral descriptive term, often used in everyday speech, but less dynamic than the other two.
• Be mindful of context: "awake" as a state (being awake) differs from "awake" as an action (waking up), and the Russian translation must match the intended meaning.

Common Errors:

• Error: Using "бодрствующий" in casual conversation.
  Incorrect: Я бодрствующий сейчас. (I am awake now.)
  Correct: Я не сплю сейчас. (I am not sleeping now.)
  Explanation: "бодрствующий" sounds overly formal for everyday speech; use "не сплю" or other natural expressions instead.
• Error: Confusing "проснувшийся" with a present state.
  Incorrect: Я проснувшийся. (I am awake.)
  Correct: Я проснулся. (I woke up.)
  Explanation: "проснувшийся" is a participle describing a completed action, not a current state.

Cultural Notes:

In Russian culture, the concept of being "awake" can sometimes carry metaphorical meanings, such as being spiritually or intellectually alert. For instance, "бодрствующий дух" (an awake spirit) is often used in religious or philosophical contexts to denote mindfulness or vigilance.

Related Concepts:

• проснуться (to wake up)
• сон (sleep)
• бдительность (vigilance)