Russian Translation(s) & Details for 'Assumption'

English Word: assumption

Key Russian Translations:

• предположение [prʲɪd.pɐˈloʐɨnʲɪjə] - [Neutral, Common]
• допущение [dɐˈpuʂːɪnʲɪjə] - [Formal, Academic]

Frequency: Medium

Difficulty: B1 (Intermediate) for "предположение"; B2 (Upper-Intermediate) for "допущение"

Pronunciation (Russian):

предположение: [prʲɪd.pɐˈloʐɨnʲɪjə]

Note on предположение: Stress falls on the third syllable. The "ж" sound is a voiced fricative, similar to the 's' in "measure".

допущение: [dɐˈpuʂːɪnʲɪjə]

Note on допущение: Stress on the second syllable. The "щ" sound is a soft, prolonged "sh".

Audio: []

Meanings and Usage:

1. A belief or idea taken as true without proof

Translation(s) & Context:

• предположение - Used in everyday contexts to express a hypothesis or assumption.
• допущение - More formal, often used in academic or logical discussions.

Usage Examples:

• Его предположение оказалось неверным.

  His assumption turned out to be incorrect.

• На основе этого допущения мы построили теорию.

  Based on this assumption, we built a theory.

• Не делай предположений без фактов.

  Don’t make assumptions without facts.

• Это допущение требует дальнейшего анализа.

  This assumption requires further analysis.

• Моё предположение основано на предыдущем опыте.

  My assumption is based on previous experience.

Russian Forms/Inflections:

предположение (neuter noun): Follows the second declension pattern in Russian. Below is the declension table for singular and plural forms.

допущение (neuter noun): Similar to "предположение", follows the second declension with identical patterns.

Russian Synonyms/Antonyms:

Synonyms for "предположение":

• гипотеза (hypothesis, more scientific)
• догадка (guess, less formal)

Synonyms for "допущение":

• условие (condition, in logical contexts)

Antonyms:

• факт (fact)
• доказательство (proof)

Related Phrases:

• делать предположение - to make an assumption
• исходить из допущения - to proceed from an assumption
• ошибочное предположение - mistaken assumption

Usage Notes:

• "Предположение" is the more common and versatile term, suitable for casual and semi-formal contexts. It is often used when speculating or hypothesizing.
• "Допущение" is more specific to formal, academic, or logical contexts, often implying an assumption made for the sake of argument or analysis.
• Be mindful of the grammatical case required after prepositions or verbs when using these nouns in sentences.

Common Errors:

• Error: Using "допущение" in casual conversation. Incorrect: Я сделал допущение, что он придёт. Correct: Я сделал предположение, что он придёт. Explanation: "Допущение" sounds overly formal and out of place in everyday speech.
• Error: Incorrect case usage. Incorrect: На основе предположение... Correct: На основе предположения... Explanation: After "на основе", the genitive case is required.

Cultural Notes:

In Russian culture, making assumptions ("предположения") without solid evidence can sometimes be seen as less reliable or speculative compared to English-speaking contexts, where assumptions might be more readily accepted in casual discussions. Be cautious when using such terms in formal or professional settings in Russia.

Related Concepts:

• гипотеза (hypothesis)
• теория (theory)
• вероятность (probability)