Russian Translation(s) & Details for 'Anthropology'

English Word: anthropology

Key Russian Translations:

• антропология [ˌan.trə.pɐˈlo.gʲɪ.jə] - [Formal, Academic]

Frequency: Medium (commonly used in academic and scientific contexts)

Difficulty: B2 (Intermediate - due to specialized vocabulary)

Pronunciation (Russian):

антропология: [ˌan.trə.pɐˈlo.gʲɪ.jə]

Note on антропология: Stress falls on the fourth syllable ("lo"). The "г" is pronounced as a soft [gʲ].

Audio: []

Meanings and Usage:

1. The study of human societies, cultures, and their development

Translation(s) & Context:

• антропология - Used in academic and scientific contexts to refer to the study of humans, including cultural, social, and physical anthropology.

Usage Examples:

• Антропология изучает происхождение и развитие человека.

  Anthropology studies the origin and development of humans.

• Она защитила диссертацию по культурной антропологии.

  She defended her dissertation in cultural anthropology.

• Антропология помогает понять различия между культурами.

  Anthropology helps to understand differences between cultures.

• Физическая антропология исследует эволюцию человека.

  Physical anthropology investigates human evolution.

• На лекции по антропологии обсуждались древние цивилизации.

  The lecture on anthropology discussed ancient civilizations.

Russian Forms/Inflections:

антропология is a feminine noun. It follows the standard declension pattern for feminine nouns ending in -ия.

Note: This noun does not have a plural form in standard usage as it refers to a field of study.

Russian Synonyms/Antonyms:

Synonyms:

• этнология (specifically for cultural anthropology, though narrower in scope)

Note: "этнология" focuses more on the study of ethnic groups and is often used interchangeably with cultural anthropology in Russian academic contexts.

Antonyms:

• None (as a scientific field, it does not have direct antonyms)

Related Phrases:

• культурная антропология - Cultural anthropology, the study of human cultures.
• физическая антропология - Physical anthropology, the study of human biological evolution.
• социальная антропология - Social anthropology, focusing on social structures and relationships.

Usage Notes:

• The term "антропология" directly corresponds to the English "anthropology" and is used primarily in formal, academic, or scientific contexts.
• It is rarely used in everyday conversation unless discussing specific academic topics or research.
• Be aware of subfields like "культурная антропология" (cultural anthropology) or "физическая антропология" (physical anthropology) when specifying a particular branch of the discipline.

Common Errors:

• Error: Confusing "антропология" with "этнология". While "этнология" (ethnology) overlaps with cultural anthropology, it is not a full synonym for "антропология".
  Incorrect: Я изучаю этнологию вместо антропологии для всех аспектов науки о человеке.
  Correct: Я изучаю антропологию, включая культурные и физические аспекты.
  Explanation: Use "антропология" as the broader term encompassing all human studies.
• Error: Misplacing stress in pronunciation (e.g., stressing the first syllable).
  Explanation: The correct stress is on "lo" ([ˌan.trə.pɐˈlo.gʲɪ.jə]). Incorrect stress can make the word sound unnatural.

Cultural Notes:

In Russian academic tradition, anthropology (антропология) often emphasizes physical and biological aspects more than cultural studies, which are sometimes categorized under "этнология" (ethnology). This distinction may differ from Western academic frameworks where anthropology broadly includes cultural studies. Understanding this nuance is important when discussing the field with Russian speakers or in Russian academic settings.

Related Concepts:

• этнология (ethnology)
• археология (archaeology)
• социология (sociology)