Russian Translation(s) & Details for 'abiding'

English Word: abiding

Key Russian Translations:

• постоянный [pəstɐˈjanːɨj] - [Formal, Often used for enduring qualities or states]
• неизменный [nʲɪɪzˈmʲenːɨj] - [Formal, Emphasizes unchangeability]
• долговечный [dəlɡɐˈvʲetɕnɨj] - [Neutral, Often used for lasting objects or feelings]

Frequency: Medium (commonly used in formal or literary contexts)

Difficulty: B2 (Intermediate) for "постоянный" and "долговечный"; C1 (Advanced) for "неизменный" due to nuanced usage

Pronunciation (Russian):

постоянный: [pəstɐˈjanːɨj]

Note on постоянный: Stress falls on the third syllable. The double "н" is pronounced distinctly.

неизменный: [nʲɪɪzˈmʲenːɨj]

Note on неизменный: Stress on the third syllable. The soft "н" requires a palatalized pronunciation.

долговечный: [dəlɡɐˈvʲetɕnɨj]

Note on долговечный: Stress on the third syllable. The "ч" is pronounced as a soft "ch".

Audio: []

Meanings and Usage:

1. Enduring or Long-lasting (e.g., feelings, principles)

Translation(s) & Context:

• постоянный - Used to describe enduring qualities or consistent states, often in formal or emotional contexts.
• неизменный - Emphasizes something that remains unchanged over time, often used in literary or philosophical discussions.

Usage Examples:

• Его постоянная любовь к искусству вдохновляет всех вокруг.

  His abiding love for art inspires everyone around him.

• У неё постоянное желание помогать другим.

  She has an abiding desire to help others.

• Его неизменная вера в справедливость осталась с ним на всю жизнь.

  His abiding faith in justice stayed with him for life.

2. Durable or Long-lasting (e.g., objects, structures)

Translation(s) & Context:

• долговечный - Refers to physical durability or something that lasts a long time, often used for objects or materials.

Usage Examples:

• Этот материал очень долговечный и устойчив к износу.

  This material is very abiding and resistant to wear.

• Мы построили долговечный дом, который простоит века.

  We built an abiding house that will stand for centuries.

Russian Forms/Inflections:

постоянный (Adjective): Follows standard adjective declension in Russian based on gender, number, and case.

Case	Masculine	Feminine	Neuter	Plural
Nominative	постоянный	постоянная	постоянное	постоянные
Genitive	постоянного	постоянной	постоянного	постоянных

неизменный (Adjective): Follows similar adjective declension rules as "постоянный".

долговечный (Adjective): Also follows standard adjective declension, with no irregular forms.

Russian Synonyms/Antonyms:

Synonyms for постоянный:

• устойчивый
• непрерывный

Note: "устойчивый" often implies stability, while "непрерывный" emphasizes continuity without interruption.

Antonyms for постоянный:

• временный
• изменчивый

Related Phrases:

• постоянная поддержка - "abiding support" (ongoing or consistent support)
• неизменная традиция - "abiding tradition" (a tradition that remains unchanged)
• долговечное решение - "abiding solution" (a long-lasting or durable solution)

Usage Notes:

• "постоянный" is the most versatile translation for "abiding" and is suitable for both emotional and abstract contexts, such as "abiding love" or "abiding interest".
• "неизменный" should be used when the emphasis is on something unchanging or immutable, often in formal or philosophical discussions.
• "долговечный" is more specific to physical durability and is less common in emotional contexts.
• Be mindful of adjective agreement in Russian; the form changes based on the noun it modifies (gender, number, case).

Common Errors:

• Error: Using "долговечный" for emotional contexts, e.g., saying "долговечная любовь" for "abiding love".
  Correction: Use "постоянная любовь" instead, as "долговечный" is more appropriate for physical objects.
• Error: Forgetting to adjust adjective endings based on the noun's gender or case, e.g., using "постоянный" with a feminine noun.
  Correction: Match the adjective to the noun, e.g., "постоянная любовь" (feminine).

Cultural Notes:

In Russian culture, the concept of "abiding" or enduring qualities, especially loyalty and love, is often celebrated in literature and folklore. Words like "постоянный" are frequently used in poetry to describe deep, unwavering emotions, reflecting the cultural value placed on steadfastness.

Related Concepts:

• верность (loyalty)
• стабильность (stability)
• долголетие (longevity)