Russian Translation(s) & Details for 'Annals'

English Word: annals

Key Russian Translations:

• летописи [ˈlʲetəpʲɪsʲɪ] - [Formal, Plural]
• анналы [ɐˈnalɨ] - [Formal, Plural, Less Common]

Frequency: Low (Rarely used in everyday conversation)

Difficulty: B2 (Intermediate) for "летописи"; C1 (Advanced) for "анналы" due to its archaic tone

Pronunciation (Russian):

летописи: [ˈlʲetəpʲɪsʲɪ]

Note on летописи: Stress falls on the first syllable. The "и" sounds like a short "i" in "bit."

анналы: [ɐˈnalɨ]

Note on анналы: Stress on the second syllable. The unstressed "а" is reduced to a schwa sound [ɐ].

Audio: []

Meanings and Usage:

1. Historical Records or Chronicles

Translation(s) & Context:

• летописи - Used to refer to historical chronicles or records, often in a formal or academic context.
• анналы - A more archaic term, often found in historical or literary contexts, less common in modern usage.

Usage Examples:

• Русские летописи сохранили историю Древней Руси.

  Russian annals have preserved the history of Ancient Rus.

• Эти летописи были написаны монахами в средние века.

  These annals were written by monks in the Middle Ages.

• В анналах истории его имя останется навсегда.

  His name will remain forever in the annals of history.

• Летописи рассказывают о великих сражениях.

  The annals narrate great battles.

• Анналы прошлого века хранятся в архивах.

  The annals of the last century are kept in archives.

Russian Forms/Inflections:

летописи (Plural Noun, Feminine): Follows the standard declension for feminine nouns ending in -ь. The singular form is "летопись."

анналы (Plural Noun, Masculine): Borrowed term, often used in plural form. Declension follows standard masculine plural patterns.

Russian Synonyms/Antonyms:

Synonyms for летописи:

• хроники
• записи

Note: "хроники" is often used interchangeably with "летописи" but may imply a broader scope of records.

Antonyms: None directly applicable due to the specific historical nature of the term.

Related Phrases:

• древние летописи - Ancient annals/chronicles
• летописи времени - Annals of time
• анналы войны - Annals of war

Usage Notes:

• "летописи" is the more commonly recognized term in Russian for historical records or chronicles, especially in reference to Slavic history.
• "анналы" is a borrowed term (from Latin via other European languages) and is used more rarely, often carrying an archaic or foreign connotation.
• Both terms are typically used in formal, academic, or literary contexts and are rarely encountered in everyday speech.

Common Errors:

• Error: Confusing "летописи" with "история" (history). While both relate to historical content, "летописи" specifically means chronicles or annals as a written record, not the concept of history itself.
• Incorrect Example: Я изучаю летописи в школе. (Intended: I study history at school.)
• Correct Usage: Я изучаю историю в школе. / Я читаю древние летописи для исследования. (I read ancient annals for research.)

Cultural Notes:

In Russian culture, "летописи" holds significant importance as it refers to ancient chronicles like the "Primary Chronicle" (Повесть временных лет), a foundational text of Slavic history. These texts are not just historical records but also cultural artifacts, often studied in literature and history classes.

Related Concepts:

• хроника
• исторические записи
• архивы