Russian Translation(s) & Details for 'Allergic'

English Word: allergic

Key Russian Translations:

• аллергический [ɐlʲɪrˈɡʲitɕɪskʲɪj] - [Formal, Adjective]
• аллергичный [ɐlʲɪrˈɡʲitɕnɨj] - [Informal, Adjective]

Frequency: Medium

Difficulty: B1 (Intermediate) for both translations

Pronunciation (Russian):

аллергический: [ɐlʲɪrˈɡʲitɕɪskʲɪj]

Note on аллергический: Stress falls on the third syllable. The "г" is pronounced as a soft [ɡʲ].

аллергичный: [ɐlʲɪrˈɡʲitɕnɨj]

Note on аллергичный: Similar stress pattern to "аллергический," with a slightly more colloquial tone.

Audio: []

Meanings and Usage:

1. Related to Allergies (Medical/Scientific Context)

Translation(s) & Context:

• аллергический - Used in formal, medical, or scientific contexts to describe something related to allergies (e.g., allergic reaction).

Usage Examples:

• У меня аллергическая реакция на пыльцу.

  I have an allergic reaction to pollen.

• Это аллергическое заболевание требует лечения.

  This allergic condition requires treatment.

• Аллергические симптомы могут быть опасны.

  Allergic symptoms can be dangerous.

2. Sensitive or Adverse Reaction (General/Colloquial Context)

Translation(s) & Context:

• аллергичный - Often used in informal contexts to describe a person or thing as being sensitive or having an adverse reaction, sometimes metaphorically.

Usage Examples:

• Он аллергичен к критике.

  He is allergic to criticism (i.e., very sensitive to it).

• Я аллергична к этому запаху.

  I’m allergic to this smell (i.e., I can’t stand it).

Russian Forms/Inflections:

аллергический (Adjective): Follows standard Russian adjective declension rules based on gender, number, and case.

аллергичный (Adjective): Follows similar declension patterns as "аллергический" but is less formal.

Russian Synonyms/Antonyms:

Synonyms for аллергический:

• гиперчувствительный (hypersensitive, often in medical contexts)

Synonyms for аллергичный:

• чувствительный (sensitive, often used metaphorically)

Antonyms:

• иммунный (immune, resistant)

Related Phrases:

• аллергическая реакция - Allergic reaction (common medical term).
• быть аллергичным к чему-либо - To be allergic to something (used both literally and figuratively).

Usage Notes:

• "аллергический" is the preferred term in formal or medical contexts when discussing allergies or allergic conditions.
• "аллергичный" can be used more broadly, including in metaphorical senses (e.g., being "allergic" to criticism or certain behaviors).
• Ensure correct adjective agreement with the noun in terms of gender, number, and case when using either term.

Common Errors:

• Error: Using "аллергичный" in formal medical contexts.
  Incorrect: У меня аллергичная реакция на молоко.
  Correct: У меня аллергическая реакция на молоко.
  Explanation: "аллергичный" is more colloquial and should not be used in formal or medical discussions.
• Error: Incorrect adjective endings due to gender or case mismatch.
  Incorrect: У меня аллергический кошка.
  Correct: У меня аллергическая кошка.
  Explanation: The adjective must agree with the noun "кошка" (feminine) in gender and case.

Cultural Notes:

In Russian culture, discussions about allergies are becoming more common with increased awareness of medical conditions. However, using "аллергичный" metaphorically (e.g., to describe sensitivity to criticism) is a relatively modern trend borrowed from English and may not be understood by older generations or in very formal settings.

Related Concepts:

• аллергия (allergy)
• иммунитет (immunity)
• чувствительность (sensitivity)