Russian Translation(s) & Details for 'woolen'

English Word: woolen

Key Russian Translations:

• шерстяной (sherstyanoj) - [Adjective, Formal/Informal]

Frequency: Medium (Commonly used in everyday contexts like clothing descriptions, but not as frequent as basic adjectives like "big" or "small").

Difficulty: A2 (Elementary level, suitable for beginners as it involves basic adjective forms; no complex grammar required).

Pronunciation (Russian):

шерстяной: ʂɨrstʲjanɐj

Note on шерстяной: The initial "ш" sound is a retroflex fricative, similar to the "sh" in "sheep," but with a more guttural quality. Stress falls on the second syllable. Be cautious with the palatalized "тʲ" sound, which is softer than in English.

Audio: []

Meanings and Usage:

Primary Meaning: Relating to or made of wool (as an adjective describing fabrics or materials).

Translation(s) & Context:

• шерстяной - Used in general contexts for items made from wool, such as clothing or textiles; common in both formal and informal settings.

Usage Examples:

• Эта шерстяная шапка очень теплая зимой.

  This woolen hat is very warm in winter.

• Я предпочитаю носить шерстяные свитеры в холодную погоду.

  I prefer to wear woolen sweaters in cold weather.

• В магазине есть различные шерстяные ткани для пошива одежды.

  In the store, there are various woolen fabrics for making clothes.

• Её шерстяное платье идеально подходит для осенних прогулок.

  Her woolen dress is perfect for autumn walks.

Russian Forms/Inflections:

Шерстяной is an adjective in Russian, which follows the standard patterns for first-declension adjectives. It changes based on gender, number, and case, as Russian adjectives agree with the nouns they modify. There are no irregular forms for this word.

Note: This adjective does not change in comparative or superlative forms unless modified (e.g., более шерстяной for "more woolen," though this is rare).

Russian Synonyms/Antonyms:

• Synonyms:
  • шерстяной - шерстистый (sherstisty) [more poetic or descriptive, implying a wool-like texture]
  • шерстяной - войлочный (voilichny) [specifically for felted wool items]
• Antonyms:
  • хлопковый (khlopkovy) [cotton]
  • шелковый (shelkovy) [silk]

Related Phrases:

• Шерстяная пряжа - Woolen yarn (Used in knitting or crafting contexts).
• Шерстяное одеяло - Woolen blanket (Common in discussions about bedding or warmth).
• Натуральная шерстяная ткань - Natural woolen fabric (Emphasizes eco-friendly or traditional materials).

Usage Notes:

Шерстяной directly corresponds to the English "woolen" as an adjective for items made from wool. It is versatile and can be used in both formal (e.g., product descriptions) and informal (e.g., everyday conversation) contexts. Always ensure the adjective agrees in gender, number, and case with the noun it modifies, which is a key feature of Russian grammar. When choosing between synonyms like шерстяной and шерстистый, opt for шерстяной in standard descriptions; шерстистый is better for metaphorical or tactile descriptions. Be aware that in modern Russian, synthetic alternatives might be discussed, so context matters for precise usage.

Common Errors:

• Error: Using the adjective without proper agreement, e.g., saying "шерстяной платье" instead of "шерстяное платье" (for neuter noun).

  Correct: Шерстяное платье. Explanation: Russian adjectives must match the noun's gender, number, and case; here, "платье" is neuter singular, so the adjective should be in neuter singular form.

• Error: Confusing with nouns, e.g., treating "шерстяной" as a noun like "wool" instead of an adjective.

  Correct: Use as an adjective, e.g., "шерстяная ткань" for "woolen fabric." Explanation: "Шерстяной" is not a standalone noun; for "wool," use "шерсть" instead.

Cultural Notes:

In Russian culture, woolen items like шерстяные свитеры (woolen sweaters) are associated with traditional craftsmanship and rural life, often linked to cold climates in Russia. Historically, wool from sheep has been a staple in Russian textiles, symbolizing warmth and endurance, as seen in folk tales and winter festivals. This cultural connotation can add depth to descriptions in literature or everyday speech.

Related Concepts:

• шерсть (sherst') [wool as a material]
• ткань (tkani) [fabric]
• одежда (odezhda) [clothing]