Russian Translation(s) & Details for 'violate'

English Word: violate

Key Russian Translations:

• Нарушать [nɐˈruʂətʲ] - [Imperfective verb, used for ongoing or repeated actions; Formal/Informal]
• Нарушить [nɐˈruʂʲɪtʲ] - [Perfective verb, used for completed actions; Formal/Informal]

Frequency: Medium (commonly used in legal, ethical, and everyday contexts, such as discussions about rules or laws).

Difficulty: B1 (Intermediate, per CEFR; involves understanding Russian verb aspects, which can be challenging for learners; separate for translations: 'Нарушать' is B1, 'Нарушить' is B2 due to perfective-imperfective distinctions).

Pronunciation (Russian):

Нарушать: [nɐˈruʂətʲ]

Нарушить: [nɐˈruʂʲɪtʲ]

Note on Нарушать: The 'ш' sound [ʂ] is a retroflex fricative, which may be difficult for English speakers; it sounds like a strong 'sh' in 'shoe' but with the tongue curled back.

Note on Нарушить: Pay attention to the final 'ить' [ʲɪtʲ], which has a palatalized 't' sound; practice with native audio for accuracy.

Audio: []

Meanings and Usage:

Primary Meaning: To break or fail to comply with a rule, law, agreement, or standard.

Translation(s) & Context:

• Нарушать - Used in contexts involving ongoing violations, such as habitual rule-breaking in everyday life or regulations.
• Нарушить - Applied to a single, completed act of violation, like breaking a specific law in a legal setting.

Usage Examples:

• Он постоянно нарушает правила дорожного движения. (He constantly violates traffic rules.)

  English: He constantly violates traffic rules. (This example shows 'нарушать' in an imperfective form for repeated actions.)

• Вчера она нарушила договор, подписанный с компанией. (Yesterday, she violated the contract signed with the company.)

  English: Yesterday, she violated the contract signed with the company. (Illustrates 'нарушить' for a one-time event in a formal context.)

• Дети иногда нарушают запреты родителей, но это часть их роста. (Children sometimes violate their parents' prohibitions, but it's part of their growth.)

  English: Children sometimes violate their parents' prohibitions, but it's part of their growth. (Demonstrates 'нарушать' in a familial, informal setting with emotional nuance.)

• Эта компания нарушила международные санкции, что привело к штрафам. (This company violated international sanctions, leading to fines.)

  English: This company violated international sanctions, leading to fines. (Shows 'нарушила' in a past tense, formal context involving consequences.)

• Если вы нарушаете тишину в библиотеке, вас попросят уйти. (If you violate the silence in the library, you'll be asked to leave.)

  English: If you violate the silence in the library, you'll be asked to leave. (Uses 'нарушаете' to highlight conditional, everyday scenarios.)

Russian Forms/Inflections:

Both 'нарушать' and 'нарушить' are verbs with regular conjugations based on Russian verb patterns. 'Нарушать' is an imperfective verb, while 'нарушить' is its perfective counterpart. Russian verbs change based on tense, aspect, person, and number.

Note: These verbs follow first conjugation patterns and do not have irregular forms, making them relatively straightforward once verb aspects are understood.

Russian Synonyms/Antonyms:

• Synonyms:
  • Игнорировать (Ignore; often used for disregarding rules without intent to harm)
  • Преступать (Transgress; implies a more serious moral or legal breach)
• Antonyms:
  • Соблюдать (Comply with; directly opposite in the context of rules)
  • Уважать (Respect; for social or ethical norms)

Related Phrases:

• Нарушить закон (Violate the law) - Refers to breaking legal statutes, often in criminal contexts.
• Нарушать тишину (Violate the silence) - Used for disturbing quiet environments, like in public spaces.
• Нарушать договоренности (Violate agreements) - Common in business or personal commitments, implying breach of trust.

Usage Notes:

In Russian, choose 'нарушать' for imperfective actions (e.g., ongoing violations) and 'нарушить' for perfective ones (e.g., a single event). This mirrors English 'violate' but requires attention to aspect for grammatical accuracy. It's neutral in formality, suitable for both casual conversations and formal writing, but avoid in highly polite contexts where euphemisms might be preferred. When translating 'violate', consider the context: legal scenarios often pair it with 'закон' (law), while ethical ones might use 'правила' (rules).

Common Errors:

• Confusing verb aspects: Learners often use 'нарушать' when 'нарушить' is needed, e.g., saying "Я нарушаю правило" instead of "Я нарушил правило" for a completed action. Correct: Use 'нарушить' for finished events to avoid implying ongoing behavior.

• Mispronouncing the 'ш' sound: English speakers might say [ʃ] like in 'shoe' instead of the Russian [ʂ]. Error example: Pronouncing as "na-ru-SHA-t'" (wrong) vs. "na-ru-SHCH-at'" (correct, with retroflex). This can make the word sound less natural.

Cultural Notes:

In Russian culture, words like 'нарушить' often carry implications of authority and compliance, influenced by historical contexts such as Soviet-era regulations. For instance, violating rules (e.g., traffic laws) is frequently discussed in media, reflecting a societal emphasis on order and collective responsibility, which differs from more individualistic approaches in English-speaking cultures.

Related Concepts:

• Закон (Law)
• Преступление (Crime)
• Правила (Rules)