Russian Translation(s) & Details for 'vexatious'

English Word: vexatious

Key Russian Translations:

• раздражающий (/rəzˈdraʐəjʊʂʲij/) - [Formal, often used in written or professional contexts]
• назойливый (/nəˈzɔjlivɨj/) - [Informal, commonly in everyday spoken language]

Frequency: Medium (This word and its translations appear in intermediate-level texts, such as literature or discussions on behavior, but are not as common as basic adjectives.)

Difficulty: B2 (Intermediate; requires understanding of Russian adjective forms and nuances in emotional vocabulary. For 'раздражающий', it's B2; for 'назойливый', it's also B2 due to similar inflection patterns.)

Pronunciation (Russian):

раздражающий: /rəzˈdraʐəjʊʂʲij/

Note on раздражающий: The stress falls on the second syllable ('dra'), which can be tricky for English speakers due to the soft 'zh' sound (/ʐ/). Practice with native audio for accuracy.

назойливый: /nəˈzɔjlivɨj/

Note on назойливый: The 'oy' sound (/ɔj/) is similar to 'oy' in 'boy', but the ending 'ый' (/ɨj/) is a reduced vowel common in Russian adjectives. Avoid overemphasizing the final syllable.

Audio: []

Meanings and Usage:

Meaning 1: Causing annoyance, irritation, or trouble (e.g., in everyday situations or legal contexts)

Translation(s) & Context:

• раздражающий - Used in formal contexts, such as describing persistent behavior or environmental factors that cause frustration.
• назойливый - Applied in informal settings, like interpersonal relationships where someone is persistently bothersome.

Usage Examples:

• Его раздражающий гул голоса мешал сосредоточиться на работе.

  His vexatious drone of a voice interfered with concentrating on work.

• В жару комары становятся особенно назойливыми, мешая спать по ночам.

  In the heat, mosquitoes become particularly vexatious, preventing sleep at night.

• Раздражающий шум из соседней квартиры не давал мне уснуть.

  The vexatious noise from the neighboring apartment kept me from sleeping.

• Её назойливые вопросы о личной жизни заставили меня чувствовать дискомфорт.

  Her vexatious questions about my personal life made me feel uncomfortable.

• В суде это было признано раздражающим поведением, нарушающим процесс.

  In court, this was deemed vexatious behavior that disrupted the proceedings.

Russian Forms/Inflections:

Both 'раздражающий' and 'назойливый' are adjectives, which inflect based on gender, number, and case in Russian. Russian adjectives follow standard patterns for short and long forms, with variations for agreement with nouns. These are regular adjectives, so they change predictably.

Note: These adjectives do not have irregular inflections, making them straightforward for learners. Always ensure agreement with the noun they modify.

Russian Synonyms/Antonyms:

• Synonyms:
  • досадный (dosadnyy) - Similar to 'vexatious' but often implies mild regret or annoyance.
  • неприятный (nepriyatnyy) - More general, used for anything unpleasant, with less emphasis on persistence.
• Antonyms:
  • приятный (priyatnyy) - Pleasant or agreeable, directly opposite in emotional tone.
  • успокаивающий (uspokayivayushchiy) - Soothing, which counters the irritating aspect.

Related Phrases:

• раздражающий фактор - A vexatious factor; refers to something that causes irritation in a specific context, like in psychology or everyday life.
• назойливый сосед - A vexatious neighbor; used for someone who is persistently intrusive in informal settings.
• раздражающее поведение - Vexatious behavior; common in legal or social discussions to describe annoying actions.

Usage Notes:

'Vexatious' corresponds closely to 'раздражающий' in formal English-Russian translations, especially in legal or professional contexts, while 'назойливый' is better for casual, interpersonal scenarios. Be mindful of the adjective's agreement with nouns in Russian sentences—always match gender, number, and case. For example, use 'раздражающий' for masculine nouns and 'раздражающая' for feminine ones. When choosing between translations, opt for 'раздражающий' in written texts and 'назойливый' in spoken dialogue to better fit the register. Additionally, in Russian, these words often carry a stronger emotional connotation than in English, so they might sound more intense.

Common Errors:

• Error: Failing to inflect the adjective correctly, e.g., using 'раздражающий' with a feminine noun without changing it to 'раздражающая'.

  Correct: Вместо 'раздражающий женщина' (incorrect), say 'раздражающая женщина' (The vexatious woman). Explanation: Russian requires adjective-noun agreement, which English speakers might overlook.

• Error: Confusing 'раздражающий' with 'назойливый' in formal contexts, leading to an overly casual tone.

  Correct: Use 'раздражающий' in official documents instead of 'назойливый'. Explanation: 'Назойливый' can sound too colloquial and might not convey the same level of seriousness as 'vexatious' in legal English.

Cultural Notes:

In Russian culture, words like 'раздражающий' or 'назойливый' often reflect the value placed on personal space and emotional restraint. For instance, in densely populated urban areas like Moscow, such terms might be used more frequently to describe everyday annoyances, highlighting a cultural sensitivity to interpersonal boundaries that differs from more direct Western approaches.

Related Concepts:

• неприятный (unpleasant)
• досадный (regrettable or annoying)
• раздражение (irritation)