Russian Translation(s) & Details for 'ventricle'

English Word: ventricle

Key Russian Translations:

• желудочек [ʐɨˈhudət͡ɕɪk] - [Formal, Medical term, Singular]
• желудочки [ʐɨˈhudət͡ɕɪkʲi] - [Formal, Medical term, Plural, Used in anatomical descriptions]

Frequency: Low (Primarily used in medical or scientific contexts, not in everyday conversation)

Difficulty: B2 (Intermediate, as it involves specialized vocabulary; learners at this level should be familiar with basic anatomy terms, but contextual usage may require additional practice)

Pronunciation (Russian):

желудочек: [ʐɨˈhudət͡ɕɪk] (The 'ж' sound is a voiced retroflex fricative, similar to the 'zh' in 'measure')

желудочки: [ʐɨˈhudət͡ɕɪkʲi] (Plural form adds a palatalized ending; note the soft 'и' sound)

Note on желудочек: Pronunciation can vary slightly by region; in standard Russian, emphasize the second syllable. Common pitfalls include softening the 'д' sound incorrectly.

Audio: []

Meanings and Usage:

Anatomical cavity in the heart or brain

Translation(s) & Context:

• желудочек - Used in medical contexts for heart chambers, such as in cardiology discussions; often specified as "желудочек сердца" for clarity.
• желудочки - Refers to multiple ventricles, e.g., in the brain ("желудочки мозга"), common in neurology or anatomy texts.

Usage Examples:

• В сердце человека четыре желудочка, которые качают кровь по всему телу.

  In the human heart, there are four ventricles that pump blood throughout the body.

• Врачи изучили желудочки мозга пациента с помощью МРТ.

  Doctors examined the ventricles of the patient's brain using MRI.

• Проблемы с левым желудочком могут привести к сердечной недостаточности.

  Problems with the left ventricle can lead to heart failure.

• Анатомия включает изучение желудочков как в сердце, так и в мозге.

  Anatomy includes the study of ventricles in both the heart and the brain.

• У некоторых животных желудочки сердца имеют уникальную структуру.

  In some animals, the heart's ventricles have a unique structure.

Figurative or extended meaning (rare)

Translation(s) & Context:

• желудочек - Occasionally used metaphorically in poetic or literary contexts, but this is uncommon and context-dependent.

Usage Examples:

• Его слова эхом отозвались в желудочках моей души.

  His words echoed in the ventricles of my soul. (Figurative use, though not standard.)

Russian Forms/Inflections:

"Желудочек" is a masculine noun in the second declension (second paradigm). It follows regular patterns for most cases but has some irregularities in plural forms. Below is a table of its inflections:

Note: The word is invariant in terms of gender but changes with number and case as shown. For related terms like "желудочки мозга," inflections apply similarly.

Russian Synonyms/Antonyms:

• Synonyms:
  • камера (camera) - Often used interchangeably in broader anatomical contexts, but less specific.
  • полость (cavity) - A more general term, implying any hollow space; subtle difference in precision.
• Antonyms:
  • атрий (atrium) - Refers to the upper chambers of the heart, contrasting with ventricles in cardiac anatomy.

Related Phrases:

• Левый желудочек - Left ventricle; commonly used in cardiology to describe a specific heart chamber.
• Правый желудочек - Right ventricle; refers to the chamber that pumps blood to the lungs.
• Желудочки мозга - Ventricles of the brain; used in neurology for cerebrospinal fluid-related discussions.
• Гидроцефалия желудочков - Hydrocephalus of the ventricles; a medical phrase indicating fluid buildup in brain ventricles.

Usage Notes:

In Russian, "желудочек" directly corresponds to the English "ventricle" in medical contexts, but it's essential to specify the organ (e.g., "желудочек сердца") to avoid ambiguity, as the term can apply to both heart and brain. This word is restricted to formal, professional settings like medicine or education; avoid it in casual conversation. When choosing between translations, use the singular for specific references and plural for general or multiple instances. Grammatically, it requires correct case agreement with prepositions, such as "в желудочке" (in the ventricle).

Common Errors:

• Confusing "желудочек" with "желудок" (stomach): English learners often mix these due to similar sounds. Incorrect: "Желудок сердца" (meaning "stomach of the heart"). Correct: "Желудочек сердца." Explanation: "Желудок" refers to the digestive organ, so context is key to differentiation.

• Improper inflection: For example, using the nominative "желудочек" in all cases, like "о желудочек" instead of "о желудочке." Correct usage: Always adjust for case, e.g., "о желудочке" in prepositional contexts. This error stems from overgeneralizing English word forms.

Cultural Notes:

While "желудочек" is primarily a scientific term without strong cultural connotations, it reflects Russia's emphasis on medical education and research, influenced by historical figures like Ivan Pavlov. In Russian literature or media, it might appear in discussions of health, symbolizing vulnerability or the intricacies of the human body, but it's not tied to specific cultural idioms.

Related Concepts:

• сердце (heart)
• мозг (brain)
• атрий (atrium)
• гидроцефалия (hydrocephalus)