Russian Translation(s) & Details for 'unreasonable'

English Word: unreasonable

Key Russian Translations:

• неразумный /nʲɪrɐˈzumnɨj/ - [Formal, Adjective]
• необоснованный /nʲɪɐbɐˈzovanɨj/ - [Formal, Often used in legal or logical contexts]

Frequency: Medium (commonly encountered in discussions, debates, and everyday conversations about logic or fairness).

Difficulty: B2 (Intermediate; requires understanding of Russian adjectives and nuanced vocabulary, though "неразумный" is straightforward for learners at this level).

Pronunciation (Russian):

неразумный: /nʲɪrɐˈzumnɨj/ (The stress is on the third syllable; note the palatalized 'н' sound, which can be challenging for English speakers.)

необоснованный: /nʲɪɐbɐˈzovanɨj/ (Emphasize the second syllable; the 'о' in "обоснованный" softens in pronunciation.)

Note on необоснованный: Be cautious with the vowel shifts in fast speech, as the 'о' may sound like a schwa.

Audio: []

Meanings and Usage:

Meaning 1: Not based on reason or good judgment (e.g., irrational or illogical)

Translation(s) & Context:

• неразумный - Used in general contexts to describe actions or decisions that lack logic, such as in personal or philosophical discussions.
• необоснованный - Applied in more formal settings, like arguments or legal disputes, to indicate something without sufficient evidence.

Usage Examples:

• Его требование было неразумным, так как оно игнорировало фактические обстоятельства.

  His demand was unreasonable, as it ignored the actual circumstances.

• В этой ситуации неразумно ожидать немедленных результатов без предварительной подготовки.

  In this situation, it's unreasonable to expect immediate results without prior preparation.

• Необоснованный аргумент может быть легко опровергнут с помощью доказательств.

  An unreasonable argument can be easily refuted with evidence.

• Её неразумное поведение на встрече удивило всех присутствующих.

  Her unreasonable behavior at the meeting surprised everyone present.

• Необоснованные претензии часто приводят к конфликтам в переговорах.

  Unreasonable claims often lead to conflicts in negotiations.

Meaning 2: Excessive or unfair (e.g., demanding too much)

Translation(s) & Context:

• неразумный - Common in everyday contexts to describe over-the-top expectations or demands.
• необоснованный - Used when something is unjustifiably high, such as prices or requirements in professional settings.

Usage Examples:

• Неразумное повышение цен на продукты вызвало протесты среди населения.

  The unreasonable price hike on products caused protests among the population.

• Его неразумные ожидания от команды привели к разочарованию.

  His unreasonable expectations from the team led to disappointment.

• Необоснованные штрафы за опоздание демотивируют сотрудников.

  Unreasonable fines for being late demotivate employees.

• В контракте были неразумные условия, которые никто не мог выполнить.

  The contract had unreasonable terms that no one could fulfill.

• Необоснованное давление на работников часто приводит к стрессу.

  Unreasonable pressure on workers often leads to stress.

Russian Forms/Inflections:

Both "неразумный" and "необоснованный" are adjectives in Russian, which inflect based on gender, number, and case. Russian adjectives agree with the nouns they modify and follow standard patterns for hard-stem adjectives.

Note: These adjectives do not have irregular inflections, making them relatively easy to learn, but always ensure agreement with the noun in gender, number, and case.

Russian Synonyms/Antonyms:

• Synonyms:
  • иррациональный (irrational; more scientific connotation)
  • абсурдный (absurd; implies extreme unreasonableness)
• Antonyms:
  • разумный (reasonable; direct opposite, used in logical contexts)
  • обоснованный (justified; especially in formal or legal settings)

Related Phrases:

• неразумное решение – Unreasonable decision (often used in decision-making contexts).
• необоснованные претензии – Unjustified claims (common in negotiations or complaints).
• неразумно поступать так – It's unreasonable to act that way (a phrase for advising against illogical behavior).

Usage Notes:

"Неразумный" directly corresponds to "unreasonable" in everyday English usage, emphasizing a lack of reason, while "необоснованный" is more precise for situations involving insufficient evidence or justification. In Russian, these words are typically used in formal writing or speech; in informal contexts, speakers might opt for simpler alternatives like "глупый" (foolish). Always consider the grammatical agreement with nouns, and choose based on context: use "неразумный" for personal judgments and "необоснованный" for objective critiques. For example, in debates, "необоснованный" adds a layer of formality.

Common Errors:

• Error: Using "неразумный" interchangeably with "необоснованный" without considering context. For instance, English learners might say "неразумный аргумент" when "необоснованный аргумент" is more accurate for an argument lacking evidence.

  Correct: "необоснованный аргумент" (An unreasonable argument due to lack of proof). Explanation: "Неразумный" implies irrationality, while "необоснованный" specifies unjustifiability, so match the English nuance.

• Error: Forgetting adjective agreement, e.g., saying "неразумный книга" instead of "неразумная книга" for a feminine noun.

  Correct: "неразумная книга". Explanation: Russian adjectives must agree in gender, number, and case with the noun they describe.

Cultural Notes:

In Russian culture, terms like "неразумный" often appear in literature and philosophy, reflecting a historical emphasis on reason and intellect, as seen in works by authors like Tolstoy. It can carry a moral connotation, suggesting not just illogical behavior but also a departure from societal norms of rationality.

Related Concepts:

• логический (logical)
• рассудочный (sensible)
• абсурд (absurd)