Russian Translation(s) & Details for 'transplant'

English Word: transplant

Key Russian Translations:

• трансплантация [trænspɫænˈtaʦɨjə] - [Formal, Medical context]
• пересадка [pʲɪrʲɪˈsadkə] - [Informal, General or botanical context, Plural form possible]

Frequency: Medium (commonly used in medical and scientific discussions, but less frequent in everyday conversation)

Difficulty: B2 (Intermediate; requires understanding of medical terminology and basic noun inflections for learners at this level)

Pronunciation (Russian):

трансплантация: [trænspɫænˈtaʦɨjə]

Note on трансплантация: The stress falls on the fourth syllable ("taʦɨjə"), which can be tricky for English speakers due to the soft 't' sound; pronounce it with a clear Russian 'r' roll.

пересадка: [pʲɪrʲɪˈsadkə]

Note on пересадка: The initial 'pʲ' is palatalized, making it softer; common in everyday Russian speech.

Audio: []

Meanings and Usage:

Meaning 1: Medical procedure involving the transfer of an organ or tissue (Noun)

Translation(s) & Context:

• трансплантация - Used in formal medical contexts, such as hospitals or scientific papers, to describe organ transplants.

Usage Examples:

• Врачи успешно провели трансплантацию сердца пациенту. (Doctors successfully performed a heart transplant on the patient.)

  English Translation: Doctors successfully performed a heart transplant on the patient.

• Трансплантация органов спасла тысячи жизней по всему миру. (Organ transplantation has saved thousands of lives worldwide.)

  English Translation: Organ transplantation has saved thousands of lives worldwide.

• После трансплантации печени пациент нуждается в тщательном уходе. (After the liver transplantation, the patient requires careful care.)

  English Translation: After the liver transplantation, the patient requires careful care.

• В современной медицине трансплантация стала обычной процедурой. (In modern medicine, transplantation has become a standard procedure.)

  English Translation: In modern medicine, transplantation has become a standard procedure.

• Трансплантация костного мозга часто используется для лечения рака. (Bone marrow transplantation is often used to treat cancer.)

  English Translation: Bone marrow transplantation is often used to treat cancer.

Meaning 2: The act of moving a plant to a new location (Noun)

Translation(s) & Context:

• пересадка - Used in everyday or gardening contexts, often informally, to describe relocating plants.

Usage Examples:

• Я сделала пересадку роз в новый сад. (I did a transplant of the roses to the new garden.)

  English Translation: I did a transplant of the roses to the new garden.

• Пересадка деревьев необходима для их роста в подходящей почве. (Transplanting trees is necessary for their growth in suitable soil.)

  English Translation: Transplanting trees is necessary for their growth in suitable soil.

• После пересадки цветов они быстро прижились. (After transplanting the flowers, they quickly took root.)

  English Translation: After transplanting the flowers, they quickly took root.

• Пересадка растений осенью минимизирует стресс для них. (Transplanting plants in the fall minimizes stress for them.)

  English Translation: Transplanting plants in the fall minimizes stress for them.

• В огороде я провела пересадку помидоров в большие горшки. (In the vegetable garden, I performed a transplant of the tomatoes into larger pots.)

  English Translation: In the vegetable garden, I performed a transplant of the tomatoes into larger pots.

Russian Forms/Inflections:

Both translations are feminine nouns in Russian, which undergo standard declensions. трансплантация is a borrowed word and follows first-declension patterns with some irregularities due to its foreign origin, while пересадка is a native word with regular inflections.

Note: These words do not change in verb form unless used as part of a verb phrase like "провести трансплантацию" (to perform a transplant).

Russian Synonyms/Antonyms:

• Synonyms:
  • трансплантирование (transplanting; more technical, often interchangeable with трансплантация in medical contexts)
  • имплантация (implantation; subtle difference: used for artificial implants)
• Antonyms:
  • удаление (removal; opposite in medical contexts)
  • экстракция (extraction; for plant contexts)

Related Phrases:

• Орга́нная транспланта́ция - (Organ transplantation; a common phrase in medical discussions, referring to the procedure of transplanting organs.)
• Переса́дка расте́ний - (Transplanting plants; used in gardening to describe moving plants to new soil.)
• Костный мозг трансплантации - (Bone marrow transplantation; a specific phrase for a type of medical transplant.)

Usage Notes:

In Russian, "трансплантация" is the more precise equivalent for medical transplants and is preferred in formal or professional settings, while "пересадка" is versatile for everyday use, such as in botany or casual conversation. English speakers should note that Russian nouns like these require agreement in gender, number, and case with other words in the sentence. For example, choose "трансплантация" over "пересадка" when discussing human health to maintain accuracy. If the context involves action, pair it with verbs like "провести" (to perform) for a more natural flow.

Common Errors:

• Error: Using "трансплантация" in non-medical contexts, such as gardening, which sounds overly formal. Correct: Opt for "пересадка" instead. Example of error: "Я провела трансплантацию цветов" (I performed a transplantation of flowers). Correct: "Я провела пересадку цветов" (I performed a transplant of flowers). Explanation: This avoids confusion and matches the appropriate register.

• Error: Forgetting noun inflections, e.g., using the nominative form in all cases. Correct: In genitive contexts, say "процесса трансплантации" instead of "процесса трансплантация". Explanation: Russian requires case agreement, so learners must adjust endings based on sentence structure.

Cultural Notes:

In Russian culture, medical advancements like трансплантация have been influenced by Soviet-era healthcare innovations, such as the first heart transplant in the USSR in 1968. This adds a historical layer, where discussions of transplants often evoke national pride in scientific achievements, though ethical debates around organ donation persist due to cultural sensitivities about death and family consent.

Related Concepts:

• имплантация (implantation)
• транспортировка (transportation)
• хирургия (surgery)