Russian Translation(s) & Details for 'trajectory'

English Word: trajectory

Key Russian Translations:

• траектория [trəjɛkˈtorʲɪjə] - [Formal, used in scientific or technical contexts]

Frequency: Medium (commonly encountered in academic, scientific, or technical discussions, but not in everyday casual conversation)

Difficulty: B2 (Intermediate; requires familiarity with loanwords and basic scientific vocabulary, as per CEFR standards)

Pronunciation (Russian):

траектория: [trəjɛkˈtorʲɪjə]

Note on траектория: The stress falls on the third syllable ("tor"), and the "r" sound is typically rolled in Russian. Be mindful of the palatalized "rʲ" which can be challenging for English speakers.

Audio: []

Meanings and Usage:

The path of an object moving through space (e.g., in physics or astronomy)

Translation(s) & Context:

• траектория - Used in formal contexts like scientific reports or educational materials to describe the curve or line of motion of projectiles, satellites, or other objects.

Usage Examples:

• Астрономы изучили траекторию кометы, чтобы предсказать её следующее приближение к Земле.

  Astronomers studied the trajectory of the comet to predict its next approach to Earth.

• В физических экспериментах мы моделируем траекторию пули под действием гравитации.

  In physics experiments, we model the trajectory of a bullet under the influence of gravity.

• Траектория ракеты была скорректирована для безопасного входа в атмосферу.

  The trajectory of the rocket was adjusted for a safe entry into the atmosphere.

• Изучение траектории планет помогает понять динамику солнечной системы.

  Studying the trajectory of planets helps understand the dynamics of the solar system.

• В компьютерных симуляциях траектория объекта зависит от начальной скорости и угла запуска.

  In computer simulations, the trajectory of an object depends on the initial speed and launch angle.

Russian Forms/Inflections:

"Траектория" is a feminine noun (from Greek via English loanword) and follows the first declension pattern in Russian. It has regular inflections based on case and number. Below is a table of its nominative and genitive forms for singular and plural:

Note: This word does not have irregular forms, making it straightforward for learners once basic declension rules are understood.

Russian Synonyms/Antonyms:

• Synonyms:
  • путь (path; more general and less technical)
  • курс (course; often used in navigation contexts, with a subtle difference in implying direction)
• Antonyms:
  • стагнация (stagnation; implies no movement or path)

Related Phrases:

• баллистическая траектория - Ballistic trajectory; refers to the path of an object under gravity, commonly used in military or physics contexts.
• орбitalная траектория - Orbital trajectory; describes the path of satellites or planets in orbit.
• изменить траекторию - To alter the trajectory; used when discussing adjustments in motion, such as in space missions.

Usage Notes:

"Траектория" is a direct loanword from English/Greek origins and is primarily used in formal, technical, or academic settings. It corresponds closely to the English "trajectory" in scientific contexts but may not be appropriate for everyday conversation. When choosing between synonyms like "путь" or "курс", opt for "траектория" in precise scientific descriptions to maintain accuracy. Grammatically, ensure it agrees with the case required by the sentence structure, as Russian nouns must inflect accordingly.

Common Errors:

• Mispronouncing the word by stressing the wrong syllable, e.g., saying [trəˈjɛktorʲɪjə] instead of [trəjɛkˈtorʲɪjə]. Correct usage: Practice the correct IPA to avoid this; incorrect: "траэктОрия" (with wrong stress), correct: "траектоРия".
• Confusing it with similar words like "трагедия" (tragedy), which sounds somewhat alike. Error: Using "трагедия" in a scientific context; correct: Always double-check the root word to ensure it matches the intended meaning.
• Forgetting to inflect it properly, e.g., using the nominative form in all cases. Error: Saying "из траектория" instead of "из траектории"; correct: Use the genitive form "траектории" after prepositions like "из".

Cultural Notes:

In Russian culture and education, terms like "траектория" are heavily influenced by Soviet-era scientific advancements, particularly in space exploration (e.g., Sputnik and Yuri Gagarin's flights). It symbolizes Russia's historical contributions to physics and astronomy, often evoking a sense of national pride in technical achievements.

Related Concepts:

• скорость (speed)
• ускорение (acceleration)
• орбита (orbit)