Russian Translation(s) & Details for 'torque'

English Word: torque

Key Russian Translations:

• крутящий момент [kruˈtʲaʂɨj ˈmʌmʲɪnt] - [Formal, Technical]

Frequency: Medium (Common in scientific, engineering, and technical contexts, but rare in everyday conversation.)

Difficulty: B2 (Intermediate; Requires familiarity with physics terminology and basic Russian noun-adjective agreements.)

Pronunciation (Russian):

крутящий момент: [kruˈtʲaʂɨj ˈmʌmʲɪnt]

Note on крутящий момент: The stress falls on the second syllable of "крутящий" and the first of "момент." The "щ" in "крутящий" is a soft, fricative sound, which can be challenging for English speakers; it's similar to the "sh" in "she" but with more friction.

Audio: []

Meanings and Usage:

The physical concept of torque in mechanics

Translation(s) & Context:

• крутящий момент - Used in formal, technical discussions about rotational force, such as in physics, engineering, or automotive contexts.

Usage Examples:

• В автомобиле крутящий момент двигателя напрямую влияет на ускорение. (In a car, the torque of the engine directly affects acceleration.)

  English Translation: In a car, the torque of the engine directly affects acceleration.

• Чтобы рассчитать крутящий момент, нужно учитывать силу и рычаг. (To calculate torque, you need to consider force and leverage.)

  English Translation: To calculate torque, you need to consider force and leverage. This example shows the term in a scientific explanation.

• Инженеры оптимизируют крутящий момент для повышения эффективности машины. (Engineers optimize torque to improve the machine's efficiency.)

  English Translation: Engineers optimize torque to improve the machine's efficiency. Here, it's used in a professional context.

• Крутящий момент может быть измерен в ньютон-метрах. (Torque can be measured in newton-meters.)

  English Translation: Torque can be measured in newton-meters. This demonstrates the term in a measurement-related sentence.

• При ремонте велосипеда проверьте крутящий момент болтов. (When repairing a bicycle, check the torque of the bolts.)

  English Translation: When repairing a bicycle, check the torque of the bolts. This shows everyday application in mechanics.

Russian Forms/Inflections:

"Крутящий момент" is a noun phrase where "крутящий" is an adjective and "момент" is a masculine noun. Adjectives in Russian agree with the nouns they modify in gender, number, and case. "Момент" is a regular masculine noun that follows the standard declension pattern for words ending in a consonant.

Inflection table for "момент" (as it is the core noun):

For "крутящий," as an adjective, it changes to agree with "момент": e.g., Nominative Singular: крутящий момент; Genitive Singular: крутящего момента. The phrase as a whole is invariable in meaning but must follow these agreement rules.

Russian Synonyms/Antonyms:

• Synonyms:
  • Момент силы (Literally "moment of force"; used interchangeably in some technical contexts, with a slight emphasis on the force aspect.)
  • Торсионный момент (More specific to torsion, often in material science; implies a twisting force.)
• Antonyms:
  • Прямолинейная сила (Linear force; contrasts with rotational force, as it involves straight-line motion rather than turning.)

Related Phrases:

• Крутящий момент двигателя - (Torque of the engine; Refers to the rotational force produced by an engine in automotive contexts.)
• Максимальный крутящий момент - (Maximum torque; Used to describe peak rotational force in machinery or vehicles.)
• Крутящий момент на колесе - (Torque at the wheel; Common in discussions of vehicle performance and traction.)

Usage Notes:

"Крутящий момент" is the most precise translation for "torque" in Russian, especially in physics and engineering. It is typically used in formal or technical settings, so avoid it in casual conversation. Remember that Russian adjectives like "крутящий" must agree in case, number, and gender with the noun they modify. When choosing between synonyms like "момент силы," opt for "крутящий момент" for standard scientific accuracy. In sentences, it often appears with prepositions like "на" (on) or in measurement phrases.

Common Errors:

• Common Error: Using "момент" alone without "крутящий," which might confuse it with "moment" in time (e.g., saying "момент" to mean torque). Correct Usage: Always pair it as "крутящий момент" for clarity. Example: Incorrect - "Автомобиль имеет высокий момент." Correct - "Автомобиль имеет высокий крутящий момент." Explanation: "Момент" by itself refers to a point in time, so the adjective is essential for the physics meaning.

• Common Error: Incorrect adjective agreement, e.g., using "крутящий моменты" in plural without proper declension. Correct Usage: In plural, it should be "крутящие моменты." Example: Incorrect - "Измерьте крутящий моменты." Correct - "Измерьте крутящие моменты." Explanation: Adjectives must match the noun's case and number.

Cultural Notes:

While "крутящий момент" is a technical term without strong cultural connotations, it reflects Russia's emphasis on engineering and physics education, stemming from the Soviet era's focus on industrial and space technology. In modern Russian culture, it's commonly discussed in contexts like automotive reviews or machinery, highlighting practical applications in everyday life.

Related Concepts:

• Сила (Force)
• Энергия (Energy)
• Рычаг (Leverage)
• Инерция (Inertia)