Russian Translation(s) & Details for 'tonnage'

English Word: tonnage

Key Russian Translations:

• тоннаж /tɐˈnaʐ/ - [Formal, Technical]

Frequency: Medium (Common in maritime, trade, and engineering contexts, but not everyday conversation)

Difficulty: B2 (Upper-Intermediate; Requires familiarity with technical vocabulary and Russian noun declensions)

Pronunciation (Russian):

тоннаж: /tɐˈnaʐ/

Note on тоннаж: The stress falls on the second syllable ("na"). Pronunciation may vary slightly in rapid speech, but this is the standard form. Be cautious with the soft "zh" sound, represented by "ж".

Audio: []

Meanings and Usage:

The capacity of a ship or vessel measured in tons, often referring to cargo weight or volume

Translation(s) & Context:

• тоннаж - Used in formal or technical contexts, such as shipping documents, naval discussions, or engineering reports. It directly corresponds to the English term and is preferred in professional settings.

Usage Examples:

• Грузовой корабль имеет тоннаж в 5000 тонн, что позволяет ему перевозить крупные партии товаров.

  The cargo ship has a tonnage of 5000 tons, which allows it to carry large batches of goods.

• Тоннаж этого судна был увеличен за счет модернизации двигателей и корпуса.

  The tonnage of this vessel was increased through modernization of the engines and hull.

• При расчете стоимости фрахта учитывается общий тоннаж груза и тип корабля.

  When calculating freight costs, the total tonnage of the cargo and the type of ship are taken into account.

• В порту мы проверили тоннаж яхты, чтобы убедиться, что она соответствует нормам безопасности.

  In the port, we checked the tonnage of the yacht to ensure it meets safety standards.

• Тоннаж нефтяного танкера может достигать десятков тысяч тонн, что делает его ключевым в глобальной торговле.

  The tonnage of an oil tanker can reach tens of thousands of tons, making it essential in global trade.

Russian Forms/Inflections:

"Тоннаж" is a masculine noun of the third declension in Russian. It follows regular patterns for most cases but is invariable in plural forms as it typically refers to a measurement. Below is a table outlining its declensions:

Note: In modern usage, "тоннаж" is often used in its nominative form without inflection in technical contexts. If the word is part of a compound phrase, it may remain unchanged.

Russian Synonyms/Antonyms:

• Synonyms:
  • грузоподъемность (gruzopod"emnost') - More general, referring to carrying capacity; often used interchangeably in non-maritime contexts.
  • вместимость (vmestimost') - Emphasizes volume capacity rather than weight; subtle difference in engineering applications.
• Antonyms:
  • Недостаток (nedostatok) - Meaning "shortage" or "deficiency," as it contrasts with capacity in logistical discussions.

Related Phrases:

• внутренний тоннаж (vnutrenniy tonnage) - Internal tonnage; refers to the measurement of a ship's enclosed spaces. (Used in shipbuilding to assess internal capacity.)
• гросс-тоннаж (gross-tonnage) - Gross tonnage; a specific metric in international shipping regulations. (Common in legal and commercial contexts.)
• тоннажный лимит (tonnage limit) - Tonnage limit; indicates maximum allowable weight for vessels. (Often seen in port regulations or environmental policies.)

Usage Notes:

"Тоннаж" directly translates to "tonnage" and is most accurate in formal, technical English-Russian correspondence, such as in maritime law or engineering. It is a neuter noun in Russian and should be used with appropriate prepositions (e.g., "с тоннажем" for "with tonnage"). Be mindful of context: in everyday Russian, simpler terms like "вес" (weight) might be used informally. When choosing between synonyms, opt for "тоннаж" in shipping-specific scenarios for precision. Grammatically, it requires agreement in gender and case with accompanying words.

Common Errors:

• Confusing "тоннаж" with "тонна" (tonna, meaning a single unit of weight): Incorrect: "Корабль весит 100 тоннаж" (wrong usage). Correct: "Корабль имеет тоннаж 100 тонн" (The ship has a tonnage of 100 tons). Explanation: "Тоннаж" refers to capacity, not a unit; use "тонна" for the measurement unit to avoid redundancy.

• Improper declension: Incorrect: "Мы обсудили тоннажы" (using an incorrect plural form). Correct: "Мы обсудили тоннажи" (if plural is needed). Explanation: Learners often overlook the third declension rules, leading to grammatical errors in written Russian.

Cultural Notes:

In Russian culture and history, "тоннаж" is particularly relevant in the context of naval heritage, as Russia has a long tradition of shipbuilding and exploration (e.g., Peter the Great's reforms). It symbolizes industrial might and is often discussed in relation to events like the Soviet-era Arctic convoys, where tonnage played a critical role in wartime logistics. Understanding this term can deepen appreciation for Russia's maritime identity and its global trade contributions.

Related Concepts:

• судно (sudno) - Vessel or ship
• груз (gruz) - Cargo
• портовый (portovyy) - Port-related