Russian Translation(s) & Details for 'stupor'

English Word: stupor

Key Russian Translations:

• ступор [ˈstu.pər] - [Formal, Medical/Psychological]
• ошеломление [ɐ.ʂɨ.lʲɪmˈlʲenʲɪ.jə] - [Informal, Everyday Speech]

Frequency: Medium (This word and its translations are not extremely common in everyday conversation but appear frequently in medical, psychological, or literary contexts.)

Difficulty: Intermediate (B2) for 'ступор'; Beginner (A2) for 'ошеломление', as it involves basic noun inflections and context-specific usage.

Pronunciation (Russian):

ступор: [ˈstu.pər] (Stress on the first syllable; the 'у' is pronounced as a short 'u' sound.)

ошеломление: [ɐ.ʂɨ.lʲɪmˈlʲenʲɪ.jə] (Note on ошеломление: The 'ш' is a soft, palatalized 'sh' sound; this word has a rolling rhythm and can be challenging for beginners due to its length and consonant clusters.)

Audio: []

Meanings and Usage:

A state of near-unconsciousness, insensibility, or mental shock.

Translation(s) & Context:

• ступор - Used in formal, medical, or psychological contexts to describe a temporary loss of responsiveness or mental paralysis.
• ошеломление - Applied in informal settings for a sudden state of shock or bewilderment, often in everyday emotional reactions.

Usage Examples:

• После аварии он впал в ступор и не мог говорить.

  After the accident, he fell into a stupor and couldn't speak.

• Её ошеломление от новости длилось несколько минут.

  Her stupor from the news lasted for several minutes.

• В ступоре, он просто смотрел на экран, не реагируя на звонки.

  In a stupor, he just stared at the screen, not reacting to calls.

• Ошеломление от неожиданного подарка заставило её улыбнуться.

  The stupor from the unexpected gift made her smile.

• Медики диагностировали ступор как симптом стресса.

  Doctors diagnosed the stupor as a symptom of stress.

A metaphorical state of mental numbness or astonishment.

Translation(s) & Context:

• ступор - In literary or figurative contexts, to express emotional overwhelm.
• ошеломление - Common in casual conversations for surprise or confusion.

Usage Examples:

• Его выступление повергло аудиторию в ступор.

  His performance plunged the audience into a stupor.

• Ошеломление от измены сделало её недоверчивой.

  The stupor from the betrayal made her distrustful.

• В ступоре от новости, она забыла о встрече.

  In a stupor from the news, she forgot about the meeting.

Russian Forms/Inflections:

'Ступор' is a masculine noun (3rd declension) and does not have irregular inflections. It follows standard patterns for Russian nouns.

'Ошеломление' is a neuter noun with regular inflections:

Russian Synonyms/Antonyms:

• Synonyms: оцепенение (similar to stupor but implies more physical rigidity), изумление (focuses on astonishment with less intensity)
• Antonyms: бодрость (alertness, vivacity; used when contrasting with mental dullness)

Related Phrases:

• в ступоре - In a stupor; used to describe someone in a state of mental shock (e.g., common in psychological discussions).
• ошеломить кого-то - To stun or overwhelm someone; a verb phrase implying causing stupor-like surprise.
• выход из ступора - Exit from stupor; refers to recovering from a state of mental paralysis.

Usage Notes:

'Ступор' is a direct equivalent to 'stupor' in English, especially in medical contexts, and should be used for formal or technical descriptions. 'Ошеломление' is more versatile for everyday emotional states but carries a connotation of temporary surprise rather than deep insensibility. Choose based on context: use 'ступор' for clinical scenarios and 'ошеломление' for informal narratives. Be mindful of gender agreement in sentences, as both are nouns that inflect according to Russian case systems.

Common Errors:

• Confusing 'ступор' with 'шок' (shock): Learners might overuse 'шок' for any mental state, but 'ступор' is more specific to immobility. Incorrect: "Он в шок" (vague). Correct: "Он в ступоре" (precise for stupor).
• Misinflecting the noun: Forgetting case endings, e.g., saying "в ступор" instead of "в ступоре" in prepositional contexts. Explanation: Russian requires proper case for grammatical accuracy; always check the sentence structure.

Cultural Notes:

In Russian culture, terms like 'ступор' are often linked to literary works, such as in Dostoevsky's novels, where characters experience profound mental paralysis as a response to existential crises. This reflects a broader cultural emphasis on introspection and emotional depth in Slavic literature, helping users understand why such words carry nuanced, introspective connotations.

Related Concepts:

• депрессия (depression)
• тревога (anxiety)
• шок (shock)