Russian Translation(s) & Details for 'stampede'

English Word: stampede

Key Russian Translations:

• штампед [ʃtamˈped] - [Informal, Borrowed from English, often used in modern contexts like media or urban settings]
• массовое бегство [ˈmasəvəje bʲɪˈɡstvə] - [Formal, Literary, Used in descriptive or historical narratives]
• паническое бегство [pəˈnʲiʧnəje bʲɪˈɡstvə] - [Neutral, Common in everyday language for panic-driven rushes]

Frequency: Low - This word and its translations are not frequently used in everyday Russian conversation; they appear more in news, literature, or descriptions of events like animal migrations or crowd incidents.

Difficulty: B2 (Intermediate) - Learners at this level can grasp the concept with exposure to intermediate vocabulary, though the nuances of formal vs. informal translations may require B2-C1 practice.

Pronunciation (Russian):

штампед: [ʃtamˈped]

массовое бегство: [ˈmasəvəje bʲɪˈɡstvə]

паническое бегство: [pəˈnʲiʧnəje bʲɪˈɡstvə]

Note on штампед: This borrowed word retains a hard [ʃ] sound, which can be tricky for English speakers due to its similarity to English "stamp," but the stress falls on the second syllable. Variations may occur in regional accents.

Audio: []

Meanings and Usage:

1. A sudden, panicked rush of a crowd or herd of animals.

Translation(s) & Context:

• штампед - Used in informal contexts, such as describing urban events or animal behavior in wildlife documentaries.
• массовое бегство - Applied in formal or literary contexts, emphasizing scale and chaos, like in historical accounts.
• паническое бегство - Neutral usage for everyday scenarios, such as crowd control at events.

Usage Examples:

• Во время концерта произошёл штампед, и люди побежали к выходам.

  During the concert, a stampede occurred, and people ran to the exits.

• В саванне антилопы устроили массовое бегство от приближающихся львов.

  In the savanna, the antelopes staged a mass stampede from the approaching lions.

• Из-за ложной тревоги началось паническое бегство толпы на площади.

  Due to a false alarm, a panicked stampede started among the crowd in the square.

• После взрыва в толпе возник штампед, и многие получили травмы.

  After the explosion, a stampede broke out in the crowd, and many were injured.

• В исторических фильмах часто показывают массовое бегство войск во время сражений.

  Historical films often depict the mass stampede of troops during battles.

2. Figurative use: A sudden rush or surge in non-physical contexts, e.g., in markets or ideas.

Translation(s) & Context:

• штампед - Informal, metaphorical use in business or social media contexts.
• паническое бегство - Used for emotional or psychological surges, like in psychology discussions.

Usage Examples:

• На фондовом рынке случился штампед инвесторов после новости о банкротстве.

  On the stock market, a stampede of investors occurred after the bankruptcy news.

• Идея нового продукта вызвала паническое бегство конкурентов к инновациям.

  The idea of the new product triggered a stampede among competitors to innovate.

• В социальных сетях штампед комментариев последовал за скандальным постом.

  On social media, a stampede of comments followed the scandalous post.

Russian Forms/Inflections:

Most translations like "штампед" are nouns and do not inflect regularly as they are borrowed words, remaining invariant in most cases. However, "массовое бегство" and "паническое бегство" involve adjectives and nouns that follow standard Russian inflection patterns.

For "массовое бегство" (where "массовое" is an adjective and "бегство" is a neuter noun):

For "паническое бегство," it follows similar patterns as above, with "паническое" inflecting as an adjective.

Russian Synonyms/Antonyms:

• Synonyms:
  • хаос (chaos) - Often used for general disorder.
  • бешеный бег (mad rush) - Emphasizes speed and frenzy.
  • толпа в панике (crowd in panic) - More descriptive phrase.
• Antonyms:
  • спокойствие (calmness) - The opposite of panic.
  • организованное движение (organized movement) - Controlled and structured flow.

Related Phrases:

• Паническое бегство толпы - A panicked stampede of the crowd; used in emergency contexts.
• Массовое бегство животных - Mass stampede of animals; common in wildlife descriptions.
• Вызвать штампед - To cause a stampede; metaphorical for triggering a rush in events.

Usage Notes:

"Stampede" corresponds most directly to "штампед" in informal Russian, but English speakers should prefer "паническое бегство" in formal writing to align with native Russian idioms. Be mindful of context: use "массовое бегство" for large-scale events to convey formality. Grammatically, ensure adjectives agree in gender, number, and case with the noun, as shown in the inflections table. When choosing among translations, opt for "штампед" in modern, borrowed contexts like social media, but avoid it in traditional narratives for authenticity.

Common Errors:

• Mistake: Using "штампед" as if it were a fully inflected Russian word, e.g., saying "штампедов" incorrectly.
  Correct: Keep it invariant or use "паническое бегство" which inflects properly, e.g., "в паническом бегстве" instead of forcing changes on "штампед." Explanation: "Штампед" is a loanword and doesn't follow Russian inflection rules, leading to awkwardness.
• Mistake: Confusing it with "штамп" (stamp as in a seal), e.g., saying "штамп" when meaning "stampede."
  Correct: Use full phrases like "паническое бегство" to avoid homophone errors. Explanation: These are unrelated words, and misusing them can change the entire meaning in conversation.

Cultural Notes:

In Russian culture, concepts like "stampede" often appear in literature and folklore, such as in stories of Cossack raids or Soviet-era crowd scenes, symbolizing chaos and loss of control. It can evoke historical events like the evacuation during wars, highlighting themes of survival and collective panic, which are deeply tied to Russia's history of upheaval.

Related Concepts:

• хаос
• паника
• массовое движение