Russian Translation(s) & Details for 'sling'

English Word: sling

Key Russian Translations:

• праща [ˈpraʂʲt͡ɕə] - [Informal, often used in historical or literary contexts]
• перевязь [pʲɪrʲɪˈvazʲ] - [Formal, medical context; Plural: перевязки]
• бросок [ˈbrosək] - [Informal, as a verb action; Used for throwing or slinging objects]

Frequency: Medium (Common in specific contexts like history, medicine, and everyday actions, but not everyday vocabulary for most speakers)

Difficulty: B1 (Intermediate for 'праща' and 'перевязь'; A2 for 'бросок' as it involves basic verb forms, per CEFR standards)

Pronunciation (Russian):

праща: [ˈpraʂʲt͡ɕə]

перевязь: [pʲɪrʲɪˈvazʲ]

бросок: [ˈbrosək]

Note on праща: The 'щ' sound is a soft, palatalized 'sh' ([ʂʲ]), which can be challenging for English speakers; it often softens in fast speech.

Audio: []

Meanings and Usage:

Meaning 1: A weapon or device for hurling projectiles (e.g., a slingshot)

Translation(s) & Context:

• праща - Used in historical, military, or metaphorical contexts, such as describing ancient warfare or playful activities.

Usage Examples:

• Дети играли с пращой в парке, подражая древним воинам.

  Children played with a sling in the park, imitating ancient warriors.

• В музее выставлена праща, которую использовали в средневековых битвах.

  In the museum, there is a sling that was used in medieval battles.

• Он сделал простую пращу из резины и ткани для забавы.

  He made a simple sling out of rubber and fabric for fun.

• Праща в руках опытного охотника может быть очень точным оружием.

  A sling in the hands of an experienced hunter can be a very accurate weapon.

Meaning 2: A strap or bandage to support an injured limb (e.g., arm sling)

Translation(s) & Context:

• перевязь - Commonly used in medical or first-aid situations, often in formal or professional settings.

Usage Examples:

• После перелома руки доктор наложил перевязь, чтобы зафиксировать руку.

  After the arm fracture, the doctor applied a sling to immobilize the arm.

• В аптечке всегда должна быть перевязь на случай травмы.

  A first-aid kit should always include a sling in case of injury.

• Она носила перевязь несколько недель, пока рука не зажила.

  She wore the sling for several weeks until her arm healed.

• Перевязь помогает уменьшить боль и предотвратить дальнейшее повреждение.

  The sling helps reduce pain and prevent further damage.

Meaning 3: To throw or hurl something with force (verb form)

Translation(s) & Context:

• бросок - Informal verb usage, often in action-oriented or sports contexts.

Usage Examples:

• Он сделал резкий бросок камня в реку, чтобы напугать рыб.

  He made a sharp sling of the stone into the river to scare the fish.

• В игре они практиковали бросок мяча, имитируя пращу.

  In the game, they practiced slinging the ball, imitating a sling.

• Бросок был таким сильным, что предмет улетел далеко.

  The sling was so forceful that the object flew far away.

• Дети учились делать бросок с помощью самодельной пращи.

  The children learned to sling using a homemade device.

Russian Forms/Inflections:

For 'праща' (feminine noun):

This is a feminine noun in the first declension. It follows standard patterns for Russian nouns.

Case	Singular	Plural
Nominative	праща	пращи
Genitive	пращи	пращ
Dative	праще	пращам
Accusative	пращу	пращи
Instrumental	пращой	пращами
Prepositional	праще	пращах

For 'перевязь' (feminine noun): Similar to 'праща', it is invariable in some forms but follows first declension rules.

For 'бросок' (masculine noun): Follows second declension; no irregularities.

Russian Synonyms/Antonyms:

• Synonyms:
  • протяжечка (for sling as a strap, with a connotation of extension)
  • метание (for the action of throwing)
• Antonyms:
  • захват (catch or grab, opposite of throwing)
  • фиксация (fixation, opposite in medical context)

Note: 'протяжечка' is often used in informal settings for makeshift slings, differing slightly from 'перевязь' in durability.

Related Phrases:

• Держать на перевязке - To keep in a sling (e.g., for injury recovery; used in medical contexts).
• Сделать бросок - To make a sling or throw (common in sports or playful scenarios).
• Праща Давида - David's sling (a biblical reference, often in historical or cultural discussions).

Usage Notes:

'Sling' translates variably in Russian based on context: 'праща' for the weapon, 'перевязь' for medical use, and 'бросок' for the verb. English speakers should note that Russian nouns like these decline by case, so 'праща' changes form in sentences (e.g., genitive 'пращи'). In formal writing, prefer 'перевязь' for medical terms, while 'бросок' is more versatile in everyday speech. Always consider the gender and number for accurate usage.

Common Errors:

• Error: Using 'праща' in a medical context instead of 'перевязь'. Correct: Say "н phys перевязь" for an arm sling, not "праща", as it could confuse the meaning. Explanation: 'Праща' specifically refers to a throwing device, leading to misunderstandings.

• Error: Forgetting to decline nouns, e.g., saying "с праща" instead of "с пращой" (instrumental case). Correct: Use the proper case like "с пращой в руке". Explanation: Russian requires case agreement, which English learners often overlook, altering sentence grammar.

Cultural Notes:

The term 'праща' is often associated with ancient warfare, as seen in biblical stories like David and Goliath, symbolizing ingenuity and underdog victories in Russian folklore and literature. In modern Russian culture, it might appear in historical reenactments or as a metaphor for resourcefulness.

Related Concepts:

• лук (bow, as another ancient weapon)
• бинт (bandage, related to medical slings)
• метать (to throw, linked to the action of slinging)