skip
Russian Translation(s) & Details for 'skip'
English Word: skip
Key Russian Translations:
- пропустить [prəˈpusʲtʲɪtʲ] - [Formal, used for omitting or missing something]
- прыгнуть [prɨɡˈnutʲ] - [Informal, used for physical jumping or skipping]
Frequency: Medium (commonly used in everyday contexts like skipping tasks or events, but not as frequent as basic verbs)
Difficulty: B1 (Intermediate for 'пропустить' due to verb conjugation; A2 for 'прыгнуть' as it's more straightforward)
Pronunciation (Russian):
пропустить: [prəˈpusʲtʲɪtʲ]
прыгнуть: [prɨɡˈnutʲ]
Note on пропустить: The stress falls on the second syllable; be careful with the soft sign (ʲ) which affects the pronunciation of the preceding consonant. This verb has palatalization that non-native speakers often find challenging.
Note on прыгнуть: Pronounce the 'ы' as a high back unrounded vowel; it's a common pitfall for English speakers who might confuse it with 'i'.
Audio: []
Meanings and Usage:
To skip or omit something (e.g., missing an event or item)
Translation(s) & Context:
- пропустить - Used in formal or everyday contexts for intentionally or unintentionally missing something, such as a meal or a meeting.
Usage Examples:
-
Я пропустил утренний кофе из-за спешки. (Ya propustil utrenniy kofe iz-za speshki.)
I skipped my morning coffee because I was in a hurry.
-
Она пропустила несколько глав в книге. (Ona propustila neskol'ko glav v knige.)
She skipped several chapters in the book.
-
Мы пропустили автобус, поэтому опоздали. (My propustili avtobus, poetomu opozdali.)
We skipped (missed) the bus, so we were late.
-
В уроке он пропустил объяснение грамматики. (V uroke on propustil ob'yasneniye grammatiki.)
In the lesson, he skipped the grammar explanation.
To jump or hop lightly (e.g., physical movement)
Translation(s) & Context:
- прыгнуть - Informal, often used in playful or literal contexts like skipping rope or jumping over an obstacle.
Usage Examples:
-
Дети прыгнули через лужу. (Deti prygnuli cherez luzhu.)
The children skipped (jumped) over the puddle.
-
Она прыгнула от радости. (Ona prygnula ot radosti.)
She skipped (jumped) with joy.
-
В парке люди прыгнули через скакалку. (V parke lyudi prygnuli cherez skakal'ku.)
In the park, people skipped rope (jumped with a skipping rope).
-
Кот прыгнул на стол. (Kot prygnul na stol.)
The cat skipped (jumped) onto the table.
Russian Forms/Inflections:
For 'пропустить' (a verb of the first conjugation), it follows standard patterns with irregularities in perfective aspect. It is a perfective verb, often paired with imperfective 'пропускать'.
| Form | Singular | Plural |
|---|---|---|
| Present Tense (Imperfective: пропускать) | Я пропускаю, Ты пропускаешь | Мы пропускаем, Вы пропускаете |
| Past Tense (Perfective: пропустил) | Я пропустил, Ты пропустил(а) | Мы пропустили, Вы пропустили |
| Future Tense | Я пропущу | Мы пропустим |
For 'прыгнуть' (also a perfective verb), it has similar conjugation but is less irregular:
| Form | Singular | Plural |
|---|---|---|
| Past Tense | Я прыгнул, Ты прыгнул(а) | Мы прыгнули |
| Future Tense | Я прыгну | Мы прыгнем |
Both verbs do not change in the infinitive form and are aspectual pairs with their imperfective counterparts.
Russian Synonyms/Antonyms:
- Synonyms:
- пропустить: игнорировать (ignorirovat') - More neutral, used for ignoring.
- прыгнуть: скакнуть (skaknut') - Similar for light jumping, often in playful contexts.
- Antonyms:
- пропустить: включить (vkljuchit') - To include or add.
- прыгнуть: сесть (sest') - To sit or stay put, contrasting physical movement.
Related Phrases:
- пропустить урок - To skip a lesson; often used in educational contexts to mean missing class without permission.
- прыгнуть через препятствие - To skip over an obstacle; literal for jumping hurdles, metaphorical for overcoming challenges.
- пропустить момент - To skip a moment; refers to missing an opportunity, common in reflective speech.
Usage Notes:
The English word 'skip' corresponds closely to 'пропустить' for omission and 'прыгнуть' for jumping, but Russian verbs are aspect-oriented, so choose based on whether the action is completed (perfective) or ongoing (imperfective). 'Пропустить' is formal and versatile, suitable for written or spoken language, while 'прыгнуть' is more casual. In sentences, pay attention to case agreement; for example, after 'пропустить', the object must be in the accusative case. When multiple translations exist, select based on context: use 'пропустить' for abstract skipping and 'прыгнуть' for physical actions.
Common Errors:
- English learners often confuse the aspect: using 'пропустить' for ongoing actions instead of 'пропускать'. Incorrect: Я пропустил каждый день (implying a single instance). Correct: Я пропускал каждый день (for repeated skipping). Explanation: 'Пропустить' is perfective, so it denotes completion.
- Mixing up pronunciation: Saying [prəˈpusɪt] instead of [prəˈpusʲtʲɪtʲ] for 'пропустить', which softens the 't' sound. Explanation: This alters the word's clarity; practice with native audio to master palatalization.
Cultural Notes:
In Russian culture, 'пропустить' is often used in contexts like skipping meals during busy workdays, reflecting the fast-paced urban life in cities like Moscow. It can carry a subtle connotation of regret, as Russians value thoroughness in routines, influenced by historical emphasis on discipline in education and daily life.
Related Concepts:
- игнорировать (ignorirovat')
- прыжок (pryzhok)
- упустить (upustit')