Russian Translation(s) & Details for 'shipment'

English Word: shipment

Key Russian Translations:

• отправление [ɐtprɐˈvlʲenʲje] - [Formal, used in business and logistics contexts]
• груз [ɡrus] - [Informal, specifically for cargo or freight]

Frequency: Medium - Commonly encountered in trade, shipping, and commercial discussions.

Difficulty: B1 (Intermediate) for отправление; A2 (Elementary) for груз, as it depends on context and requires basic noun understanding.

Pronunciation (Russian):

отправление: [ɐtprɐˈvlʲenʲje]

Note on отправление: The stress falls on the third syllable; be mindful of the soft 'л' sound, which can be challenging for English speakers. Pronounce it with a clear rolling 'r'.

груз: [ɡrus]

Note on груз: A simple consonant-vowel structure; the 'г' is guttural, similar to the 'g' in "go," but ensure it's not aspirated.

Audio: Play pronunciation for отправление | Play pronunciation for груз (Audio files to be embedded here via JavaScript or media player).

Meanings and Usage:

Meaning 1: The act of sending or transporting goods, often in a commercial context.

Translation(s) & Context:

• отправление - Used in formal settings like international trade or logistics, emphasizing the process of shipping.
• груз - Applied in informal or specific contexts referring to the physical cargo being shipped.

Usage Examples:

• Мы отправили груз в Москву на прошлой неделе.

  We shipped the cargo to Moscow last week.

• Это отправление включает fragile товары, так что будьте осторожны.

  This shipment includes fragile items, so be careful.

• Груз был задержан на таможне из-за неправильных документов.

  The shipment was delayed at customs due to incorrect documents.

• Международное отправление обычно требует специальной упаковки.

  International shipments typically require special packaging.

• После прибытия груза мы проверим его на повреждения.

  After the shipment arrives, we'll check it for damage.

Meaning 2: A batch or consignment of goods being transported.

Translation(s) & Context:

• отправление - In contexts involving orders or deliveries, highlighting the collection of items.
• груз - More literal, for physical loads in transportation.

Usage Examples:

• Ваше отправление готово к отправке из склада.

  Your shipment is ready for dispatch from the warehouse.

• Груз прибыл вовремя, несмотря на плохую погоду.

  The shipment arrived on time despite the bad weather.

• Это отправление содержит документы и образцы продукции.

  This shipment contains documents and product samples.

Russian Forms/Inflections:

Both translations are nouns. "Отправление" is a neuter noun with standard declension patterns, while "груз" is a masculine noun that follows typical patterns but has irregularities in plural forms.

Note: "Груз" has stress shifts in some forms (e.g., Genitive plural: гру́зов), which is a common irregularity in Russian nouns.

Russian Synonyms/Antonyms:

• Synonyms:
  • поставка - Similar to delivery, but more focused on supply chains.
  • грузоперевозка - Emphasizes transportation of goods.
• Antonyms:
  • получение - Receipt or arrival of goods.

Related Phrases:

• Международное отправление - International shipment; used for cross-border logistics.
• Грузовой транспорт - Cargo transportation; refers to methods of shipping goods.
• Подготовка груза - Preparation of shipment; common in packaging and export contexts.

Usage Notes:

Use "отправление" for formal or official contexts, such as business emails or customs declarations, as it aligns closely with the English "shipment" in terms of process. "Груз" is more versatile for everyday talk about physical items but may not capture the full procedural aspect. Be cautious with word order in Russian sentences, as adjectives often precede nouns (e.g., "быстрый груз" for "fast shipment"). When multiple translations are available, choose based on specificity: "отправление" for actions, "груз" for objects.

Common Errors:

• Error: Using "отправление" interchangeably with "доставка" (delivery), which implies the final handover rather than the initial shipping process. Correct: Specify "отправление" for the sending phase. Example of error: "Доставка была задержана" when meaning shipment; Correct: "Отправление было задержано". This confusion arises from overlapping English terms.

• Error: Forgetting declension, e.g., saying "Я видел отправление" in a context requiring genitive like "Я видел отправления груза". Correct: Adjust based on case, as shown in the inflections table above.

Cultural Notes:

In Russian culture and business, terms like "отправление" often reflect the historical emphasis on state-controlled logistics during the Soviet era. Today, with global trade, these words carry connotations of efficiency in vast transportation networks, such as those involving the Trans-Siberian Railway, which symbolizes Russia's role in international shipping routes.

Related Concepts:

• экспорт
• импорт
• таможня