Russian Translation(s) & Details for 'salvage'

English Word: salvage

Key Russian Translations:

• спасать [spɐˈsatʲ] - [Verb, Informal, Used in everyday contexts like emergencies or rescues]
• спасение [spɐˈsenʲɪje] - [Noun, Neutral, Formal, Often used in official or narrative descriptions]

Frequency: Medium (Common in contexts like maritime, emergency services, or recycling, but not as frequent in casual conversation)

Difficulty: B1 (Intermediate) for "спасать" as it involves verb conjugation; B2 for "спасение" due to noun declensions

Pronunciation (Russian):

спасать: [spɐˈsatʲ]

Note on спасать: The stress is on the second syllable; be careful with the soft 'тʲ' sound, which is a palatalized consonant common in Russian verbs.

спасение: [spɐˈsenʲɪje]

Note on спасение: Pronunciation may vary slightly in fast speech, with the final 'e' softening; practice with native speakers for regional accents.

Audio: []

Meanings and Usage:

Meaning 1: To save or rescue something from loss, destruction, or danger (Verb form)

Translation(s) & Context:

• спасать - Used in urgent situations, such as rescuing people or salvaging goods from a shipwreck; common in informal and formal contexts.

Usage Examples:

• Они смогли спасать экипаж с тонущего корабля в шторм.

  They were able to salvage the crew from the sinking ship during the storm.

• Врачам пришлось спасать пациента от аллергической реакции.

  The doctors had to salvage the patient from an allergic reaction.

• Инженеры спасают данные с поврежденного жесткого диска.

  Engineers are salvaging data from the damaged hard drive.

• В случае пожара, всегда старайтесь спасать важные документы первыми.

  In case of a fire, always try to salvage important documents first.

Meaning 2: The act or process of saving or rescuing (Noun form)

Translation(s) & Context:

• спасение - Refers to the result or instance of salvaging, often in formal, literary, or emergency contexts; implies a successful outcome.

Usage Examples:

• Спасение груза с затонувшего судна было настоящим подвигом.

  The salvage of the cargo from the sunken ship was a real feat.

• Его спасение от банкротства компании зависело от быстрого решения.

  The salvage of his company from bankruptcy depended on a quick decision.

• Спасение окружающей среды требует глобальных усилий.

  The salvage of the environment requires global efforts.

Russian Forms/Inflections:

For "спасать" (verb, first conjugation), it follows standard Russian verb patterns with irregularities in some forms. Below is a conjugation table for present tense:

For "спасение" (noun, neuter, second declension), it declines as follows:

Note: "спасение" does not change in some cases like nominative singular, making it straightforward for beginners.

Russian Synonyms/Antonyms:

• Synonyms:
  • выручать (to rescue, similar but often implies helping out of a tight spot; more informal)
  • спасти (to save, a perfective aspect of спасать, used for completed actions)
• Antonyms:
  • потерять (to lose)
  • уничтожить (to destroy)

Related Phrases:

• Спасать ситуацию - A common phrase meaning "to salvage the situation," used in problem-solving contexts.
• Спасение на водах - Refers to "salvage at sea," often in maritime or emergency services.
• Быть на грани спасения - Means "to be on the brink of salvage," implying a critical recovery point in crises.

Usage Notes:

"Спасать" directly corresponds to the verb form of "salvage" in English, emphasizing active rescue, while "спасение" aligns with the noun form for the act or result. Use "спасать" in imperfective aspects for ongoing actions and "спасти" for perfective ones. It's neutral in most contexts but can sound formal in written Russian. When choosing between translations, opt for "спасать" in dynamic scenarios and "спасение" for static descriptions. Be mindful of aspect in Russian verbs, as it affects tense usage.

Common Errors:

• Mistake: Confusing "спасать" with "спасти" and using them interchangeably. Correct: Use "спасать" for ongoing actions (e.g., "Я спасаю кошку" - I am salvaging the cat). Incorrect: "Я спасаю кошку" when you mean a completed action; instead, say "Я спас кошку" for "I salvaged the cat."
• Mistake: Incorrect declension of "спасение" in sentences, e.g., using nominative in genitive contexts. Correct: In "ради спасения" (for the sake of salvage), ensure genitive form. Incorrect: "ради спасение" – this is grammatically wrong and sounds unnatural to native speakers.

Cultural Notes:

In Russian culture, words like "спасение" often carry connotations from historical events, such as World War II rescues or modern-day emergency services. It evokes themes of heroism and survival, as seen in literature like Tolstoy's works, where salvaging one's life or nation is a recurring motif, reflecting Russia's resilient history.

Related Concepts:

• выручка
• эвакуация
• пожарная служба