Russian Translation(s) & Details for 'ruling'

English Word: ruling

Key Russian Translations:

• решение [rʲɪˈʂenʲɪje] - [Formal, used in legal or official contexts]
• правление [ˈpravlʲenʲɪje] - [Formal, often refers to governance or administration]

Frequency: Medium (commonly encountered in legal, political, and administrative discussions, but not everyday casual speech)

Difficulty: B1 (Intermediate level per CEFR; requires understanding of noun declensions and formal vocabulary; for 'решение', B1; for 'правление', B2 due to its association with governance contexts)

Pronunciation (Russian):

решение: [rʲɪˈʂenʲɪje]

Note on решение: The stress falls on the third syllable ('ше'), which can be tricky for English speakers due to the soft 'ш' sound. Pronounce it with a palatalized 'r' at the beginning.

правление: [ˈpravlʲenʲɪje]

Note on правление: The initial 'п' is unaspirated, and the 'лʲ' is palatalized, making it sound softer; common in formal Russian.

Audio: []

Meanings and Usage:

Meaning 1: A decision or judgment made by an authority, such as a court or government body

Translation(s) & Context:

• решение - Used in formal legal or administrative contexts, e.g., court decisions or official rulings.
• правление - Less common for direct decisions; more for ongoing governance, but can imply a ruling authority in broader contexts.

Usage Examples:

• Суд вынес решение по делу о коррупции.

  The court issued a ruling on the corruption case.

• Это решение правительства повлияло на экономику страны.

  This ruling by the government affected the country's economy.

• В своем решении судья учел все доказательства.

  In his ruling, the judge considered all the evidence.

• Правление компании приняло решение о сокращении расходов.

  The ruling body of the company made a decision to cut costs. (Here, 'правление' implies an authoritative group.)

• Международное правление вынесло решение по спору о границах.

  The international ruling authority issued a decision on the border dispute.

Meaning 2: The act of governing or being in control (e.g., a ruling party or dynasty)

Translation(s) & Context:

• правление - Used for ongoing rule or administration, often in historical or political contexts.
• решение - Rarely used here, but could apply to specific governing decisions.

Usage Examples:

• Правление царя длилось более 20 лет.

  The ruling of the tsar lasted for more than 20 years.

• Партия в правлении ввела новые законы.

  The ruling party introduced new laws.

• Его правление ознаменовалось реформами.

  His ruling was marked by reforms.

Russian Forms/Inflections:

Both 'решение' and 'правление' are neuter nouns in Russian, which follow standard declension patterns for third-declension nouns. They are inflected based on case, number, and gender, with no irregularities.

For 'решение', it remains unchanged in most forms, making it straightforward for learners. 'Правление' follows the same pattern but is less frequently used in plural forms.

Russian Synonyms/Antonyms:

• Synonyms:
  • вердикт (verdict; more specific to judicial contexts, implying a final judgment)
  • постановление (postanovleniye; a decree or resolution, often official)
  • управление (upravleniye; for 'правление', implying management or control)
• Antonyms:
  • оспаривание (osparivaniye; challenging or disputing a ruling)
  • отмена (otmena; revocation or cancellation)

Related Phrases:

• Высшее решение (Vyssheye resheniye) - Supreme ruling; refers to a top-level decision in legal matters.
• Правление партии (Pravleniye partii) - Ruling of the party; used in political contexts to mean party leadership.
• Судебное решение (Sudebnoye resheniye) - Court ruling; a common phrase in legal discussions, implying a formal judgment.
• Принять решение (Prinimat' resheniye) - To make a ruling; a fixed expression for decision-making processes.

Usage Notes:

'Решение' directly corresponds to 'ruling' in the sense of a decision, especially in formal or legal English contexts, and is the most precise translation. Use 'правление' when emphasizing ongoing governance rather than a single act. Be mindful of context: in Russian, these words often require specific cases (e.g., genitive for possession), which differ from English structures. For English learners, choose 'решение' for everyday legal translations and 'правление' for historical or political topics. Avoid direct word-for-word translation; instead, focus on the nuance to ensure natural usage.

• In formal writing, 'решение' is preferred over slang alternatives.
• When multiple translations exist, select based on the specific meaning to avoid ambiguity.

Common Errors:

English learners often confuse 'решение' with 'решать' (reshat', meaning 'to decide'), leading to incorrect verb usage. For example, a common mistake is saying "Я решение" instead of "Я принял решение" (I made a ruling). Correct usage: The error might be "Решение суда был неправильным" (incorrect word order and case), whereas the proper form is "Решение суда было неправильным" (with neuter agreement). Another error is overusing 'правление' for any decision, when it specifically implies authority; instead, use 'решение' for isolated rulings.

Cultural Notes:

In Russian culture, 'решение' often carries implications of authority and hierarchy, reflecting Russia's historical emphasis on centralized governance, such as in tsarist or Soviet eras. For instance, rulings from the Kremlin have significant cultural weight, symbolizing state power and influencing public perception of justice.

Related Concepts:

• закон (zakon) - Law
• суд (sud) - Court
• власть (vlast') - Power or authority
• реформа (reforma) - Reform (often linked to rulings that change systems)