Russian Translation(s) & Details for 'roster'

English Word: roster

Key Russian Translations:

• список [ˈspʲisək] - [Formal, commonly used for lists or rosters of people]
• график [ˈɡrafʲik] - [Informal, specifically for schedules or work rosters]
• ведомость [vʲɪˈdoməsʲtʲ] - [Formal, used in official or administrative contexts, e.g., employee rosters]

Frequency: Medium (commonly encountered in professional, educational, and everyday contexts in Russian-speaking regions)

Difficulty: B1 (Intermediate, as it involves basic noun inflections; for 'график', it may vary to A2 if used simply as a schedule)

Pronunciation (Russian):

список: [ˈspʲisək]

график: [ˈɡrafʲik]

ведомость: [vʲɪˈdoməsʲtʲ]

Note on список: The stress is on the first syllable; be cautious with the palatalized 's' sound, which is common in Russian nouns.

Audio: []

Meanings and Usage:

Meaning 1: A list of names, especially for work shifts or team members (e.g., employee roster)

Translation(s) & Context:

• список - Used in formal documents or everyday lists; context: professional settings like offices or sports teams.
• ведомость - Applied in bureaucratic or official contexts; context: government or HR-related rosters.

Usage Examples:

• В офисе висит еженедельный список смен. (In the office, there's a weekly roster posted.)

  Translation: In the office, there's a weekly roster posted.

• Менеджер обновил график работы сотрудников. (The manager updated the work roster for employees.)

  Translation: The manager updated the work roster for employees. (Shows 'график' in a scheduling context.)

• Эта ведомость включает всех участников команды. (This roster includes all team members.)

  Translation: This roster includes all team members. (Demonstrates formal usage.)

• Список дежурств был разослан по электронной почте. (The duty roster was sent via email.)

  Translation: The duty roster was sent via email. (Illustrates in a modern communication context.)

• График отпусков нужно согласовать с начальником. (The vacation roster needs to be agreed upon with the boss.)

  Translation: The vacation roster needs to be agreed upon with the boss. (Shows variation in roster types.)

Meaning 2: A schedule or rotation system (e.g., duty roster)

Translation(s) & Context:

• график - Informal for timetables or rotations; context: daily life, such as work shifts or events.
• список - Less common here, but used if emphasizing a list format; context: organized planning.

Usage Examples:

• График дежурств в больнице строгий. (The roster for shifts in the hospital is strict.)

  Translation: The roster for shifts in the hospital is strict.

• Составьте список для ротации сотрудников. (Make a roster for employee rotation.)

  Translation: Make a roster for employee rotation. (Highlights 'список' in a planning scenario.)

• Ведомость смен обновляется ежемесячно. (The shift roster is updated monthly.)

  Translation: The shift roster is updated monthly.

Russian Forms/Inflections:

These words are primarily nouns and follow standard Russian inflection patterns. 'Список' and 'ведомость' are masculine and feminine nouns, respectively, while 'график' is masculine. They exhibit regular declensions based on case, number, and gender.

Note: These are regular inflections; no irregular forms for these words.

Russian Synonyms/Antonyms:

• Synonyms:
  • реестр (reestr) - Similar to 'ведомость', for official lists; more formal.
  • таблица (tablica) - For structured lists; less formal than 'список'.
  • расписание (raspisanie) - Synonymous with 'график' for schedules.
• Antonyms:
  • хаос (khaos) - Implies disorder, opposite of an organized roster.
  • беспорядок (besporyadok) - For lack of structure.

Related Phrases:

• Список присутствующих (Spisok prisutstvuyushchikh) - Attendance roster; used in meetings or classes.
• График работы (Grafik raboty) - Work schedule; common in employment contexts.
• Ведомость успеваемости (Vedomost' uspevaemosti) - Academic roster or grade sheet; Explanation: Refers to student performance records.

Usage Notes:

In Russian, 'список' is the most direct translation for a general 'roster' and is versatile across contexts, while 'график' emphasizes time-based scheduling. Choose based on formality: 'ведомость' for official documents. Be mindful of case inflections when using in sentences, as Russian requires agreement with other words. For English speakers, note that 'roster' often implies a list with assignments, which aligns closely with 'список' in professional Russian.

• Always consider the context: Use 'график' for dynamic schedules and 'список' for static lists.
• Grammar tip: These nouns decline, so practice with cases to avoid errors in complex sentences.

Common Errors:

English learners often confuse 'список' with 'списать' (to copy or write off), leading to misuse. For example:

• Error: Saying "Я списываю график" meaning "I am making the roster," but it implies "I am copying the schedule" incorrectly.
• Correct: "Я составляю график" (I am creating the schedule). Explanation: Use 'составлять' for compiling lists to avoid implying plagiarism.
• Another error: Forgetting inflections, e.g., using "список" in genitive as "список" instead of "списка." Correct: "Без списка" (Without the roster).

Cultural Notes:

In Russian culture, rosters like 'график' are integral to organized systems, such as in Soviet-era workplaces where strict schedules symbolized efficiency. Today, they reflect a cultural emphasis on structure in daily life, especially in education and bureaucracy, helping maintain social order.

Related Concepts:

• распорядок (rasporiadok) - Daily routine or schedule.
• план (plan) - Plan or outline, often used alongside rosters.
• отчет (otchet) - Report, which might include roster data.