Russian Translation(s) & Details for 'rheumatism'

English Word: rheumatism

Key Russian Translations:

• ревматизм (/rʲɪvˈmatʲɪzm/) - [Formal, Medical Term]

Frequency: Medium (Common in medical discussions but not everyday conversation; used frequently in health-related contexts)

Difficulty: B2 (Intermediate; requires familiarity with medical vocabulary and basic Russian noun inflections, suitable for learners with some exposure to technical language)

Pronunciation (Russian):

ревматизм: /rʲɪvˈmatʲɪzm/

Note on ревматизм: The initial 'р' is a trilled alveolar sound, and the 'й' represents a palatal approximant, which can be challenging for English speakers. Stress falls on the third syllable.

Audio: []

Meanings and Usage:

Meaning 1: A chronic condition causing pain, stiffness, and inflammation in the joints, often associated with age or autoimmune issues.

Translation(s) & Context:

• ревматизм - Used in formal medical contexts, such as doctor-patient discussions or health literature, to describe joint-related disorders.

Usage Examples:

• У меня ревматизм в коленях, и это затрудняет ходьбу.

  I have rheumatism in my knees, and it makes walking difficult.

• Её ревматизм обострился из-за холодной погоды.

  Her rheumatism flared up due to the cold weather.

• Врач диагностировал ревматизм после серии тестов.

  The doctor diagnosed rheumatism after a series of tests.

• Ревматизм часто встречается у пожилых людей, страдающих от артрита.

  Rheumatism often occurs in elderly people suffering from arthritis.

• Для лечения ревматизма рекомендуются физические упражнения и медикаменты.

  For treating rheumatism, physical exercises and medications are recommended.

Russian Forms/Inflections:

Ревматизм is a masculine noun of the second declension in Russian. It follows standard patterns for masculine nouns ending in a consonant, with changes in cases and numbers. Below is a table outlining its key inflections:

Note: The plural form is less common and used when referring to multiple instances or types of rheumatism. It is a regular inflection, making it straightforward for learners once basic declension rules are understood.

Russian Synonyms/Antonyms:

• Synonyms:
  • артрит (/ɐrˈtrʲɪt/) - Similar but specifically refers to joint inflammation; used interchangeably in some contexts but more precise for arthritis.
  • подагра (/pɐˈdɑɡrə/) - Refers to gout, a related inflammatory condition; applicable in cases involving joint pain from uric acid buildup.
• Antonyms: None directly applicable, as rheumatism describes a medical condition rather than a concept with clear opposites.

Related Phrases:

• ревматизм суставов - Refers to rheumatism affecting the joints; commonly used in medical diagnoses.
• обострение ревматизма - Means a flare-up of rheumatism; used to describe worsening symptoms in health contexts.
• лечение ревматизма - Translates to treatment of rheumatism; a phrase for discussing therapies or remedies.

Usage Notes:

Ревматизм directly corresponds to the English term "rheumatism" and is primarily used in formal, medical settings. It is a neutral term without strong emotional connotations, but always appears in singular form unless specifying multiple types. English learners should note that Russian requires case agreement; for example, use the genitive form "ревматизма" after prepositions like "из-за" (because of). When choosing between synonyms like "артрит," opt for ревматизм if the context involves broader rheumatic conditions rather than specific arthritis.

Common Errors:

• Error: Confusing ревматизм with артроз (osteoarthritis) and using it interchangeably. Incorrect: "У меня артроз, но я сказал ревматизм." (I have osteoarthritis, but I said rheumatism.)

  Correct: Use ревматизм only for inflammatory joint conditions, not degenerative ones like артроз. Explanation: These terms refer to distinct medical issues; misusing them can lead to communication errors in healthcare settings.

• Error: Forgetting noun inflections, such as using the nominative form in all cases. Incorrect: "Из-за ревматизм" (instead of "Из-за ревматизма").

  Correct: "Из-за ревматизма." Explanation: Russian nouns must agree in case; always adjust based on sentence structure to avoid sounding unnatural.

Cultural Notes:

In Russian culture, ревматизм is often associated with traditional remedies and folklore, such as using herbal teas or balneotherapy (spa treatments) in regions like the Caucasus. This reflects a broader cultural emphasis on natural healing methods in Eastern Europe, where older generations may rely on home remedies before seeking professional medical help.

Related Concepts:

• артрит
• подагра
• остеопороз