Russian Translation(s) & Details for 'retrospective'

English Word: retrospective

Key Russian Translations:

• ретроспектива [rʲɪtrɐˈspʲɛktʲɪvə] - [Formal, Noun; Used in contexts like art exhibitions or historical reviews]
• ретроспективный [rʲɪtrɐˈspʲɛktʲɪvnɨj] - [Formal, Adjective; Used to describe something related to looking back on the past]

Frequency: Medium (Common in academic, artistic, and professional contexts, but not everyday conversation)

Difficulty: B2 (Upper-Intermediate; Requires understanding of Russian noun and adjective declensions and formal vocabulary)

Pronunciation (Russian):

ретроспектива: [rʲɪtrɐˈspʲɛktʲɪvə]

Note on ретроспектива: Stress falls on the third syllable; the 'р' is slightly palatalized, which can be tricky for beginners.

ретроспективный: [rʲɪtrɐˈspʲɛktʲɪvnɨj]

Note on ретроспективный: The ending '-ный' softens the pronunciation; practice with native speakers for accurate intonation.

Audio: []

Meanings and Usage:

Meaning 1: A review or exhibition of past work or events (Noun)

Translation(s) & Context:

• ретроспектива - Used in formal or cultural contexts, such as art galleries or historical analyses, to refer to a comprehensive look back.

Usage Examples:

• Эта ретроспектива включает картины из разных периодов его жизни.

  This retrospective includes paintings from different periods of his life.

• Музей организует ретроспективу работ известного писателя.

  The museum is organizing a retrospective of the famous writer's works.

• В ретроспективе мы видим, как изменилась технология за последние годы.

  In retrospect, we can see how technology has changed over the last few years.

• Ретроспектива её карьеры была показана на фестивале.

  A retrospective of her career was featured at the festival.

• Эта ретроспектива подчёркивает ключевые моменты в истории страны.

  This retrospective highlights key moments in the country's history.

Meaning 2: Relating to or involving looking back on the past (Adjective)

Translation(s) & Context:

• ретроспективный - Applied in analytical or reflective contexts, such as in literature or psychology, to describe a backward-looking approach.

Usage Examples:

• Его ретроспективный анализ событий помог понять ошибки.

  His retrospective analysis of events helped understand the mistakes.

• Ретроспективный взгляд на политику прошлого века необходим для обучения.

  A retrospective view of last century's politics is necessary for learning.

• Эта ретроспективная выставка фокусируется на эволюции стиля.

  This retrospective exhibition focuses on the evolution of style.

• Ретроспективный подход в исследованиях часто приводит к новым инсайтам.

  A retrospective approach in research often leads to new insights.

• В ретроспективном обзоре мы оцениваем влияние тех решений.

  In a retrospective review, we assess the impact of those decisions.

Russian Forms/Inflections:

For ретроспектива (feminine noun, 1st declension):

For ретроспективный (adjective, follows standard 1st/2nd declension patterns):

It changes based on gender, number, and case. Example in masculine singular: ретроспективный; feminine: ретроспективная; neuter: ретроспективное; plural: ретроспективные. No irregular forms.

Russian Synonyms/Antonyms:

• Synonyms: обзор (obzor) - A general overview; взгляд назад (vzglyad nazad) - A backward glance, often less formal.
• Antonyms: перспектива (perspektiva) - Forward-looking view.

Related Phrases:

• Искусственная ретроспектива - Artificial retrospective; Used in contexts like digital recreations of historical events.
• Ретроспективный анализ - Retrospective analysis; Common in scientific or business reviews.
• Личная ретроспектива - Personal retrospective; Refers to an individual's life review, often in memoirs.

Usage Notes:

Ретроспектива as a noun directly corresponds to the English "retrospective" in formal settings like art or history, but it's less common in casual speech. Use ретроспективный as an adjective to modify nouns, ensuring agreement in gender, number, and case. In Russian, this word often implies a structured or organized review, unlike more informal English uses. When choosing between translations, opt for ретроспектива for events and ретроспективный for descriptive purposes. Be mindful of context: it's prevalent in cultural and academic Russian.

Common Errors:

• Error: Using the English word "retrospective" directly in Russian sentences, e.g., "Эта retrospective очень интересная." Correct: "Эта ретроспектива очень интересная." Explanation: Russian requires the native word for natural fluency; direct borrowing can sound unnatural.
• Error: Forgetting to decline the noun, e.g., saying "в ретроспектива" instead of "в ретроспективе." Correct: Use the correct prepositional case. Explanation: Russian nouns must agree with prepositions, which English learners often overlook.
• Error: Misusing as an adjective without gender agreement, e.g., "ретроспективный книга" for a feminine noun. Correct: "ретроспективная книга." Explanation: Adjectives in Russian must match the noun's gender, number, and case.

Cultural Notes:

In Russian culture, "ретроспектива" is often associated with Soviet-era art exhibitions, where it was used to showcase an artist's entire career under state patronage. This reflects a broader emphasis on historical reflection in Russian literature and film, as seen in works by authors like Tolstoy, who frequently explored retrospective themes to convey national identity and moral lessons.

Related Concepts:

• Прошлое (past)
• Обзор (overview)
• Анализ (analysis)