Russian Translation(s) & Details for 'restrict'

English Word: restrict

Key Russian Translations:

• ограничивать /ɐˈɡranʲitɕɪtʲ/ - [Imperfective verb, used for ongoing or repeated actions]
• ограничить /ɐˈɡranʲitʲ/ - [Perfective verb, used for completed actions]

Frequency: Medium (Common in formal contexts like law, business, and everyday regulations)

Difficulty: B1 Intermediate (Requires understanding of Russian verb aspects; beginners may struggle with perfective vs. imperfective forms)

Pronunciation (Russian):

ограничивать: /ɐˈɡranʲitɕɪtʲ/

ограничить: /ɐˈɡranʲitʲ/

Note on ограничивать: The stress falls on the second syllable; be careful with the palatalized 'н' sound, which can be tricky for English speakers.

Note on ограничить: Similar stress pattern; the perfective form often shortens in casual speech.

Audio: []

Meanings and Usage:

To limit or control the size, amount, or range of something (e.g., in laws, rules, or personal restrictions).

Translation(s) & Context:

• ограничивать - Used for ongoing restrictions, such as in policies or habitual actions (e.g., "We restrict access daily").
• ограничить - Used for one-time or completed restrictions, such as in specific events or decisions (e.g., "The company restricted access immediately").

Usage Examples:

• Правительство ограничивает импорт запрещенных товаров для защиты местного рынка.

  The government restricts the import of banned goods to protect the local market.

• В интернете вы можете ограничивать доступ к личным данным с помощью настроек приватности.

  On the internet, you can restrict access to personal data using privacy settings.

• Ограничьте использование смартфона во время ужина, чтобы улучшить семейные отношения.

  Restrict smartphone usage during dinner to improve family relationships.

• Эта диета ограничивает потребление сахара, но позволяет овощи в неограниченном количестве.

  This diet restricts sugar consumption but allows unlimited vegetables.

• В университете ограничивают количество студентов в аудитории для соблюдения норм безопасности.

  At the university, they restrict the number of students in the auditorium to comply with safety standards.

To impose boundaries on behavior or activities (e.g., in social or legal contexts).

Translation(s) & Context:

• ограничивать - Applied to ongoing behavioral rules, such as in parenting or workplace policies.
• ограничить - For immediate or enforceable limits, like in contracts or emergencies.

Usage Examples:

• Родители должны ограничивать время, которое дети проводят за экранами, чтобы избежать проблем со здоровьем.

  Parents should restrict the time children spend on screens to avoid health issues.

• Ограничьте свои расходы в этом месяце, чтобы сэкономить на отпуск.

  Restrict your expenses this month to save for vacation.

• Закон ограничивает скорость на шоссе до 110 км/ч для повышения безопасности.

  The law restricts speed on highways to 110 km/h for increased safety.

Russian Forms/Inflections:

Both translations are verbs and follow Russian conjugation patterns based on aspect (imperfective for 'ограничивать' and perfective for 'ограничить'). Russian verbs inflect for person, number, tense, and aspect. 'Ограничивать' is irregular in some forms due to its root.

Note: These verbs do not change in gender or case directly but agree with subjects in person and number.

Russian Synonyms/Antonyms:

• Synonyms:
  • ограничивать - Similar to "стеснять" (stesnjat'), but "стеснять" implies more discomfort.
  • ограничить - Similar to "запретить" (zapretit'), which is stricter and means "to ban".
• Antonyms:
  • разрешить (razreshit') - To allow or permit.
  • освобождать (osvobozhdat') - To free or liberate.

Related Phrases:

• Без ограничений - Without restrictions (Used in contexts like free access or unlimited offers).
• Ограниченный доступ - Restricted access (Common in security or digital contexts).
• Подвергать ограничениям - To subject to restrictions (Formal phrase for imposing limits in legal or administrative settings).

Usage Notes:

In Russian, always choose between imperfective ('ограничивать') for ongoing processes and perfective ('ограничить') for completed actions to match the aspect accurately—this differs from English, where "restrict" doesn't inherently carry aspect. Use formal contexts for official documents, and be aware that these verbs often pair with prepositions like "в" (in) or "для" (for). For English speakers, remember that Russian verb pairs like this are essential for natural expression.

• When translating "restrict" in rules, prefer 'ограничивать' for general policies.
• In spoken Russian, these words may vary by region, but standard forms work universally.

Common Errors:

English learners often misuse verb aspects: for example, using the imperfective 'ограничивать' when a perfective action is needed, like saying "Я ограничиваю доступ" instead of "Я ограничил доступ" for a one-time event. Correct usage: Error - "Я ограничиваю это сейчас" (implies ongoing); Correct - "Я ограничу это сейчас" (for immediate action). Another error is confusing with synonyms, e.g., using 'запретить' (to ban) when only limiting, not prohibiting entirely—always check context to avoid overstatement.

Cultural Notes:

In Russian culture, restrictions ('ограничения') are often associated with bureaucratic processes, such as government regulations or Soviet-era controls, which can carry a connotation of caution or necessity for order. This reflects a historical emphasis on collective rules over individual freedoms, helping English users understand why such vocabulary is prevalent in everyday discussions about laws or personal boundaries.

Related Concepts:

• запрет (ban)
• контроль (control)
• регулирование (regulation)