Russian Translation(s) & Details for 'report'

English Word: report

Key Russian Translations:

• отчёт [ɐˈtʲet] - [Formal, Noun, Used in professional or academic contexts]
• сообщать [səɐˈbʲitʲ] - [Verb, Informal to Neutral, Used in everyday communication or news reporting]
• докладывать [dɐklɐˈdɨvɐtʲ] - [Formal, Verb, Used in official or military settings]

Frequency: Medium (Common in business, news, and academic contexts, but not as frequent as basic everyday words)

Difficulty: B1 (Intermediate; requires understanding of noun cases for 'отчёт' and verb conjugations for 'сообщать' and 'докладывать'. For 'отчёт', it's relatively straightforward; for verbs, it may vary based on tense and aspect.)

Pronunciation (Russian):

отчёт: [ɐˈtʲet]

сообщать: [səɐˈbʲitʲ]

докладывать: [dɐklɐˈdɨvɐtʲ]

Note on отчёт: The 'тʲ' sound is a palatalized 't', which can be challenging for English speakers; it's softer than a standard English 't'. Pronounce it quickly to avoid sounding unnatural.

Note on сообщать: Stress on the second syllable; the 'щ' is a voiceless palatal fricative, similar to 'sh' in 'she' but more hissing.

Audio: []

Meanings and Usage:

Meaning 1: A formal document or account of information (Noun form)

Translation(s) & Context:

• отчёт - Used in professional, academic, or official contexts, such as business reports or financial summaries.

Usage Examples:

• Я должен подготовить отчёт для начальства. (Ya dolzhen podgotovit' otchyot dlya nachal'stva.)

  I need to prepare a report for the management.

• Ежегодный отчёт компании был опубликован вчера. (Ezhegodnyy otchyot kompanii byl opublikovann vchera.)

  The company's annual report was published yesterday.

• Этот отчёт содержит все необходимые данные. (Etot otchyot soderzhit vse neobkhodimye dannye.)

  This report contains all the necessary data.

• Она представила отчёт на конференции. (Ona predstavila otchyot na konferentsii.)

  She presented the report at the conference.

Meaning 2: To give an account or inform about something (Verb form)

Translation(s) & Context:

• сообщать - Used in informal to neutral contexts, such as news reporting or casual updates.
• докладывать - Used in formal contexts, like official briefings or hierarchical reporting.

Usage Examples:

• Я должен сообщить об этом инциденте. (Ya dolzhen soobshchit' ob etom intsidente.)

  I need to report this incident.

• Он докладывает о прогрессе проекта каждую неделю. (On dokladyvaet o progressse proyekta kazhduyu nedelyu.)

  He reports on the project's progress every week.

• Журналистка сообщает новости в прямом эфире. (Zhurnalistka soobshchayet novosti v priamom efire.)

  The journalist is reporting the news live.

• Солдат докладывает командиру о ситуации. (Soldat dokladyvaet komandiru o situatsii.)

  The soldier is reporting the situation to the commander.

• Пожалуйста, сообщите мне, если произойдёт что-то новое. (Pozhaluysta, soobshchite mne, yesli proizoydyot chto-to novoe.)

  Please report to me if anything new happens.

Russian Forms/Inflections:

For 'отчёт' (a masculine noun), it follows standard Russian noun declension patterns. It is a third-declension noun and changes based on case and number.

For verbs like 'сообщать' and 'докладывать' (imperfective verbs), they conjugate based on tense, aspect, and person. 'Сообщать' is irregular in some forms due to its stem changes.

These verbs have perfective counterparts (e.g., сообщить for 'сообщать'), which do not change as frequently in the present tense.

Russian Synonyms/Antonyms:

• Synonyms:
  • доклад (doklad) - Similar to отчёт but often implies a spoken report; used in formal contexts.
  • известие (izvestie) - For 'сообщать', meaning a message or notification; less formal.
  • сообщение (soobshchenie) - A written or verbal report; can be synonymous with отчёт in digital contexts.
• Antonyms:
  • скрывать (skryvat') - To hide or conceal information.
  • молчать (molchat') - To remain silent, opposite of reporting verbally.

Related Phrases:

• Подать отчёт (Podat' otchyot) - To submit a report; used in bureaucratic or professional settings.
• Ежедневный отчёт (Ezhednevnyy otchyot) - Daily report; common in journalism or business.
• Сообщить о проблеме (Soobshchit' o probleme) - To report a problem; often in customer service contexts.
• Доклад на собрании (Doklad na sobranii) - Report at a meeting; formal presentation.

Usage Notes:

In Russian, 'report' as a noun like 'отчёт' directly corresponds to formal English usage but must agree in case, number, and gender. For verbs, 'сообщать' is more neutral and everyday, while 'докладывать' is reserved for hierarchical or official scenarios—choose based on context to avoid sounding overly formal. Be mindful of aspect: use imperfective for ongoing actions and perfective (e.g., сообщить) for completed ones. English speakers often confuse this with English tenses.

Common Errors:

• Error: Using 'отчёт' without proper case agreement, e.g., saying "в отчёт" instead of "в отчёте" (in the report).
  Correct: в отчёте. Explanation: Russian requires the prepositional case for locations or contexts.
• Error: Conjugating 'сообщать' incorrectly, e.g., saying "я сообщать" instead of "я сообщаю".
  Correct: я сообщаю. Explanation: Verbs must be conjugated by person; this is a common mistake for beginners from non-conjugated languages.
• Error: Using 'докладывать' in casual conversation, which can sound overly military-like.
  Correct: Opt for 'сообщать' in informal settings. Explanation: Over-formality can make speech awkward; match the verb to the social context.

Cultural Notes:

In Russian culture, reporting (e.g., via 'отчёт') is heavily emphasized in bureaucratic and educational systems due to historical influences from the Soviet era, where detailed reports were essential for accountability. This can make Russian communication more formal than English in professional settings, reflecting a cultural value on precision and hierarchy.

Related Concepts:

• анализ (analiz) - Analysis
• статистика (statistika) - Statistics
• информация (informatsiya) - Information