Russian Translation(s) & Details for 'replenish'

English Word: replenish

Key Russian Translations:

• пополнить [pə.pɐlʲ.'nʲitʲ] - [Formal; commonly used in contexts like business or inventory]
• восполнить [vɐs.pɐlʲ.'nʲitʲ] - [Formal; implies restoration after depletion]

Frequency: Medium (This verb is encountered in everyday business, shopping, and logistical contexts, but not as common as basic verbs like "купить").

Difficulty: B1 (Intermediate, per CEFR; involves understanding verb conjugations and contextual usage. For 'пополнить', it's straightforward for intermediates; 'восполнить' may require more nuance for advanced learners.)

Pronunciation (Russian):

пополнить: [pə.pɐlʲ.'nʲitʲ]

Note on пополнить: The stress falls on the final syllable ('nʲitʲ'). Be mindful of the soft 'л' sound, which can be challenging for English speakers.

восполнить: [vɐs.pɐlʲ.'nʲitʲ]

Note on восполнить: Similar to 'пополнить', with stress on the final syllable; the initial 'вос-' prefix adds a slight emphasis on restoration.

Audio: []

Meanings and Usage:

To fill something up again or restore supplies (e.g., in business, daily life)

Translation(s) & Context:

• пополнить - Used in practical contexts like restocking shelves or refilling resources; common in formal or professional settings.
• восполнить - Applied when something has been depleted and needs restoration, such as energy or resources; often in more abstract or emotional contexts.

Usage Examples:

• Мы должны пополнить запасы продуктов в магазине. (We need to replenish the product stocks in the store.)

  We need to replenish the product stocks in the store. (This example shows 'пополнить' in a business inventory context.)

• После долгого дня работы ей пришлось восполнить силы с помощью чая. (After a long day of work, she had to replenish her energy with tea.)

  After a long day of work, she had to replenish her energy with tea. (Illustrates 'восполнить' in a personal, restorative context.)

• Компания планирует пополнить ассортимент товаров для предстоящего сезона. (The company plans to replenish its product assortment for the upcoming season.)

  The company plans to replenish its product assortment for the upcoming season. (Demonstrates 'пополнить' with nouns in a planning scenario.)

• Врач посоветовал восполнить витамины в организме через сбалансированное питание. (The doctor advised replenishing vitamins in the body through balanced nutrition.)

  The doctor advised replenishing vitamins in the body through balanced nutrition. (Shows 'восполнить' in a health-related context.)

• Чтобы пополнить бюджет, правительство ввело новые налоги. (To replenish the budget, the government introduced new taxes.)

  To replenish the budget, the government introduced new taxes. (Example of 'пополнить' in a financial or governmental setting.)

To restore or refill something intangible (e.g., energy, morale)

Translation(s) & Context:

• восполнить - Preferred for abstract concepts like emotional or physical restoration; less common for tangible items.

Usage Examples:

• Путешествие помогло восполнить душевные силы. (The trip helped replenish spiritual energy.)

  The trip helped replenish spiritual energy. (Highlights 'восполнить' in an emotional context.)

• Сон необходим, чтобы восполнить энергию после напряженного дня. (Sleep is necessary to replenish energy after a stressful day.)

  Sleep is necessary to replenish energy after a stressful day. (Shows 'восполнить' with daily life applications.)

Russian Forms/Inflections:

Both 'пополнить' and 'восполнить' are imperfective verbs in Russian, following standard first-conjugation patterns. They are regular but require attention to aspect (imperfective for ongoing actions). Below is a table for 'пополнить' in the present tense; 'восполнить' follows similar patterns.

For past tense: пополнил (masc.), пополнила (fem.), пополнило (neut.), пополнили (plur.). These verbs do not change in infinitive form and are invariant in some aspects like participles.

Russian Synonyms/Antonyms:

• Synonyms:
  • обновить (obnovit') - To update or refresh; often used for digital or modern contexts, with a slight connotation of making something new.
  • заполнить (zapohnit') - To fill; more general and can imply completing something empty.
• Antonyms:
  • истощить (istoshchit') - To exhaust or deplete.
  • ослабить (oslabit') - To weaken, especially in abstract senses.

Related Phrases:

• пополнить запасы - To replenish stocks; used in logistics or shopping contexts.
• восполнить потери - To replenish losses; common in military, financial, or health scenarios, implying recovery from setbacks.
• пополнить счет - To replenish an account; refers to adding funds, as in banking.

Usage Notes:

'Пополнить' directly corresponds to 'replenish' in tangible contexts like supplies or inventory, while 'восполнить' is better for abstract or restorative meanings. Choose 'пополнить' for formal business language and 'восполнить' when emphasizing recovery. Note that Russian verbs often require perfective aspects for completed actions (e.g., пополнить vs. its perfective counterpart). Always consider the grammatical case of objects; for example, 'пополнить' typically takes an accusative object.

Common Errors:

• Mistake: Using 'пополнить' in the wrong tense, e.g., saying "Я пополнил" when referring to an ongoing action. Correct: Use present tense "Я пополняю" for ongoing replenishment. Explanation: Russian verbs have aspects; 'пополнить' is imperfective, so it doesn't imply completion without additional context.
• Mistake: Confusing 'пополнить' and 'восполнить' interchangeably. Correct: 'Пополнить' for adding to existing supplies; 'восполнить' for restoring after loss. Example: Incorrect: "Восполнить запасы" if no depletion is implied; Correct: "Пополнить запасы". Explanation: This mix-up can alter the nuance, making the sentence less precise.

Cultural Notes:

In Russian culture, concepts like 'восполнить' often tie into themes of resilience and recovery, especially in literature and historical contexts (e.g., post-war rebuilding). While 'replenish' is neutral in English, these words can evoke ideas of endurance in Russian, reflecting the country's history of overcoming challenges.

Related Concepts:

• заполнить
• обновить
• восстановить