Russian Translation(s) & Details for 'repayment'

English Word: repayment

Key Russian Translations:

• Возврат [vɐzˈvrat] - [Formal, used in legal and financial contexts for returning money or items]
• Погашение [pɐˈɡaʂənʲɪje] - [Formal, specifically in financial or banking scenarios for settling debts]

Frequency: Medium (Common in financial discussions but less frequent in everyday casual conversation)

Difficulty: B1 (Intermediate, based on CEFR; requires understanding of noun declensions and context-specific usage)

Pronunciation (Russian):

Возврат: [vɐzˈvrat]

Note on Возврат: The stress falls on the second syllable; the 'р' is rolled, which can be challenging for English speakers. A common variant in faster speech might soften the 'т' sound.

Audio: []

Погашение: [pɐˈɡaʂənʲɪje]

Note on Погашение: The 'ш' sound is a soft fricative; pay attention to the palatalized 'нʲ' which is typical in Russian nouns. This word is often pronounced more deliberately in formal settings.

Audio: []

Meanings and Usage:

The act of repaying a debt or returning money

Translation(s) & Context:

• Возврат - Typically used in formal contexts like loans or refunds, emphasizing the return of something previously given.
• Погашение - Applied in banking and financial contexts, focusing on the systematic settlement of obligations like loans or installments.

Usage Examples:

• Я произвёл возврат долга в банк на прошлой неделе. (Ya proizvel vozvrat dolga v bank na proshloy nedele.)

  I made the repayment of the debt to the bank last week. (This example shows 'возврат' in a straightforward financial context.)

• После погашения кредита мы получили подтверждение от банка. (Posle pogasheniya kredita my poluchili podtverzhdeniye ot banka.)

  After the repayment of the loan, we received confirmation from the bank. (Illustrates 'погашение' in a formal banking scenario.)

• Возврат средств был произведён из-за ошибки в транзакции. (Vozvrat sredstv byl proizvedyon iz-za oshibki v transaksii.)

  The repayment of funds was made due to an error in the transaction. (Demonstrates 'возврат' in a refund context.)

• Ежемесячное погашение ипотеки требует строгого соблюдения сроков. (Yezhemesyachnoye pogasheniye ipотеки trebuyet strogogo soblyudeniya srokov.)

  The monthly repayment of the mortgage requires strict adherence to deadlines. (Shows 'погашение' in ongoing financial obligations.)

• Возврат залога произошёл без проблем после окончания аренды. (Vozvrat zaloga proizoshol bez problem posle okonchaniya arendy.)

  The repayment of the deposit happened without issues after the end of the rental. (Highlights 'возврат' in non-financial contexts like deposits.)

Russian Forms/Inflections:

Both 'Возврат' and 'Погашение' are masculine nouns in Russian, which means they follow standard declension patterns for third-declension nouns. They do not have irregular forms but change based on case, number, and gender agreements.

Note: These nouns are invariant in terms of gender but change endings based on grammatical case, which is standard for Russian masculine nouns.

Russian Synonyms/Antonyms:

• Synonyms:
  • Возмещение (vozmeshcheniye) - Similar to 'возврат' but often implies compensation for loss.
  • Оплата (oplata) - More general, used for any payment, with a slight nuance of timely settlement.
• Antonyms:
  • Задолженность (zadolzhennost') - Refers to debt or outstanding obligation.
  • Просрочка (prosochka) - Indicates delay in payment or repayment.

Related Phrases:

• Срок возврата (Srok vozvrata) - Repayment deadline; used in contracts to specify when payment is due.
• Погашение долга (Pogasheniye dolga) - Debt repayment; a common phrase in financial discussions.
• Возврат средств (Vozvrat sredstv) - Refund of funds; often used in online shopping or banking errors.

Usage Notes:

'Возврат' is the most direct translation for 'repayment' in general contexts, while 'погашение' is preferred in formal financial settings like loans or mortgages. English speakers should note that Russian requires precise case agreement; for example, use the genitive case for possessions (e.g., возврата долга). In informal speech, 'возврат' might be simplified, but always opt for 'погашение' in professional documents. Cultural differences include Russia's emphasis on written agreements for repayments, so these words often appear in legal texts.

Common Errors:

• Error: Using 'возврат' interchangeably with 'погашение' without context. For instance, an English learner might say "Я сделал возврат кредита" instead of "Я сделал погашение кредита."

  Correct: "Я сделал погашение кредита" (I made the repayment of the loan). Explanation: 'Погашение' is specific to loans, while 'возврат' is for general returns; confusing them can lead to misunderstandings in financial conversations.

• Error: Forgetting case declensions, e.g., saying "в возврат" instead of "в возврате" in prepositional case.

  Correct: "В возврате средств нет проблем" (There are no issues in the repayment of funds). Explanation: Russian grammar demands case changes, which English speakers often overlook, altering the sentence's meaning.

Cultural Notes:

In Russian culture, concepts like 'возврат' and 'погашение' are tied to a strong tradition of financial caution, influenced by historical economic instability. For example, during the Soviet era, repayments were often state-managed, fostering a cultural emphasis on timely debt settlement to avoid social stigma.

Related Concepts:

• Долг (dolg) - Debt
• Кредит (kredit) - Loan
• Оплата (oplata) - Payment