Russian Translation(s) & Details for 'renal'

English Word: renal

Key Russian Translations:

• Почечный [pɐˈtʃit͡ɕnɨj] - [Formal, Medical context]

Frequency: Medium (Common in medical and scientific texts, but less frequent in everyday conversation)

Difficulty: B2 (Intermediate, as it involves medical terminology and requires understanding of Russian adjective declensions)

Pronunciation (Russian):

Почечный: [pɐˈtʃit͡ɕnɨj]

Note on Почечный: The stress falls on the second syllable ('tʃit͡ɕ'). Be mindful of the palatalized 'ч' sound, which can be challenging for English speakers. Variations may occur in fast speech.

Audio: []

Meanings and Usage:

Primary Meaning: Related to the kidneys (adjective form)

Translation(s) & Context:

• Почечный - Used in formal medical or anatomical contexts to describe anything pertaining to the kidneys, such as diseases or functions.

Usage Examples:

• У пациента диагностирована почечная недостаточность.

  The patient has been diagnosed with renal failure.

• Почечный фильтр играет ключевую роль в очистке крови.

  The renal filter plays a key role in cleansing the blood.

• Врачи обсудили почечные осложнения после операции.

  The doctors discussed renal complications after the surgery.

• Почечная артерия отвечает за кровоснабжение почек.

  The renal artery is responsible for supplying blood to the kidneys.

• Исследования показывают связь между диетой и почечным здоровьем.

  Studies show a connection between diet and renal health.

Russian Forms/Inflections:

Почечный is an adjective in Russian and follows the standard pattern of first-declension adjectives. It agrees in gender, number, and case with the noun it modifies. Unlike some irregular adjectives, this one is regular but requires attention to its endings based on context.

Note: This adjective does not change in short form contexts, but always ensure agreement with the noun for grammatical accuracy.

Russian Synonyms/Antonyms:

• Synonyms:
  • Почка-связанный (Pochka-svyazannyj) - Less formal, literal equivalent, used in everyday medical discussions.
  • Нефрологический (Nefrologicheskij) - More specialized, implying nephrology-related contexts; subtle difference in focus on kidney medicine.
• Antonyms:
  • Внепочечный (Vnepochichnyj) - Meaning "extrarenal" or outside the kidneys.

Related Phrases:

• Почечная недостаточность - Renal failure; a common medical phrase used in diagnoses.
• Почечные камни - Kidney stones; refers to a specific condition with cultural awareness in health discussions.
• Почечная диета - Renal diet; often used in nutritional advice for kidney health.

Usage Notes:

The Russian translation "Почечный" directly corresponds to the English "renal" in medical contexts, emphasizing its adjectival form. It is typically used in formal settings like healthcare or scientific writing. English speakers should note that Russian adjectives must agree in gender, number, and case with the nouns they modify, which can be a key difference from English usage. When choosing between synonyms like "Почечный" and "Нефрологический," opt for the former for general kidney-related topics and the latter for specialized nephrology. Avoid using this in informal conversations; instead, rely on full phrases for clarity.

• Grammar tip: Always decline the adjective based on the noun's case to avoid errors in written Russian.
• Contextual advice: In Russian media or literature, this word often appears in health articles, so exposure through reading can help reinforce its usage.

Common Errors:

English learners often forget to decline "Почечный" correctly, leading to phrases like "почечный проблема" (incorrect) instead of "почечная проблема" (correct, with feminine agreement). Error: Using the base form without adjustment – e.g., "Я имею почечный болезнь" (wrong, as it should be "почечную болезнь" in accusative case). Correct usage: "У меня почечная болезнь" (I have renal disease). This mistake stems from English's lack of declension, so always check the noun's gender and case first.

Cultural Notes:

In Russian culture, terms like "Почечный" are prevalent in public health campaigns, especially given Russia's emphasis on preventive medicine. Historically, kidney-related issues have been highlighted in Soviet-era health policies, making this vocabulary common in educational materials. It carries no strong idiomatic connotations but reflects the cultural importance of holistic health in Russian society.

Related Concepts:

• Почки (Pochki) - Kidneys (noun).
• Нефрология (Nefrologiya) - Nephrology (field of study).
• Мочевыделительная система (Mochevydeletelnaya sistema) - Urinary system (broader anatomical concept).