Russian Translation(s) & Details for 'recur'

English Word: recur

Key Russian Translations:

• повторяться [pəv.tɐˈrʲi.t͡sə] - [Informal, Verb, Used for habitual or periodic events]
• возобновляться [vəz.ɐˈnɐ.vlʲæt͡sə] - [Formal, Verb, Used in professional or technical contexts]

Frequency: Medium (Common in everyday language, especially in discussions of events, health, or patterns, but not as frequent as basic verbs like "быть" or "делать").

Difficulty: B1 (Intermediate; requires understanding of reflexive verbs and aspect in Russian, which can be challenging for learners beyond beginner level. For "повторяться", it's B1; for "возобновляться", it might be B2 due to more formal usage.)

Pronunciation (Russian):

повторяться: [pəv.tɐˈrʲi.t͡sə] (The stress is on the third syllable; note the soft 'r' sound, which is common in Russian and can be tricky for English speakers.)

Note on повторяться: This verb is reflexive, so the '-ся' ending affects pronunciation slightly, making it softer. Pay attention to the vowel reduction in unstressed syllables, as in [pəv].

возобновляться: [vəz.ɐˈnɐ.vlʲæt͡sə] (Stress on the third syllable; the 'z' is voiced, and the ending '-ся' indicates reflexivity.)

Note on возобновляться: This word has a more formal tone; the initial 'в' can vary in pronunciation based on regional accents, but standard Russian uses a soft 'v' sound.

Audio: []

Meanings and Usage:

Meaning 1: To occur again or repeatedly (e.g., in events, patterns, or cycles)

Translation(s) & Context:

• повторяться - Used in informal everyday contexts, such as describing recurring dreams or habits.
• возобновляться - Used in formal or technical contexts, like medical reports or business discussions about recurring issues.

Usage Examples:

• Эти проблемы повторяются каждый месяц. (These problems recur every month.)

  English: These problems recur every month. (This example shows the verb in a simple present context, highlighting periodic events.)

• Болезнь может повторяться, если не следовать рекомендациям врача. (The illness may recur if you don't follow the doctor's recommendations.)

  English: The illness may recur if you don't follow the doctor's recommendations. (Illustrates use with health-related topics and conditional structures.)

• В переговорах такие споры возобновляются регулярно. (In negotiations, such disputes recur regularly.)

  English: In negotiations, such disputes recur regularly. (Demonstrates formal usage in professional settings.)

• Исторические события часто повторяются в разных формах. (Historical events often recur in different forms.)

  English: Historical events often recur in different forms. (Shows application in abstract or philosophical contexts.)

• Экономический кризис возобновляется из-за нестабильности рынка. (The economic crisis recurs due to market instability.)

  English: The economic crisis recurs due to market instability. (Example in a financial context, emphasizing cause and effect.)

Meaning 2: To return in a cyclical manner (e.g., in nature or processes)

Translation(s) & Context:

• повторяться - Common in poetic or descriptive language for natural cycles.
• возобновляться - Used in scientific or environmental discussions.

Usage Examples:

• Сезоны повторяются ежегодно, напоминая о цикличности жизни. (The seasons recur annually, reminding us of the cycle of life.)

  English: The seasons recur annually, reminding us of the cycle of life. (This highlights cyclical patterns in nature.)

• В природе многие процессы повторяются без изменений. (In nature, many processes recur without change.)

  English: In nature, many processes recur without change. (Shows repetitive processes in a neutral context.)

• Глобальное потепление может привести к тому, что природные катастрофы возобновляются чаще. (Global warming may lead to natural disasters recurring more frequently.)

  English: Global warming may lead to natural disasters recurring more frequently. (Formal example in environmental discourse.)

Russian Forms/Inflections:

Both "повторяться" and "возобновляться" are reflexive verbs in Russian, which means they end in "-ся" and follow specific conjugation patterns. Russian verbs change based on tense, aspect, person, and number. These verbs are imperfective, indicating ongoing or repeated actions.

Note: These verbs do not have irregular inflections but follow standard patterns for reflexive verbs. For "повторяться", the base form is more common in informal speech.

Russian Synonyms/Antonyms:

• Synonyms:
  • происходить снова (to happen again) - More literal and less formal.
  • возникать периодически (to arise periodically) - Emphasizes intervals.
• Antonyms:
  • прекращаться (to stop or cease) - Used when something ends permanently.
  • не повторяться (not to recur) - Direct opposite in context.

Related Phrases:

• повторяющийся цикл (recurring cycle) - Refers to a repeating pattern in processes or events.
• возобновление tradition (renewal of tradition) - Common in cultural contexts, meaning the revival of customs.
• эти проблемы повторяются регулярно (these problems recur regularly) - A fixed phrase for ongoing issues.

Usage Notes:

Russian translations of "recur" like "повторяться" are often used for events that happen repeatedly without implying a strict cycle, while "возобновляться" suggests a resumption after interruption, making it closer to "resume" in some contexts. Choose "повторяться" for informal daily conversations and "возобновляться" for formal writing. Be mindful of aspect: Russian verbs have perfective and imperfective forms, so pair with perfective verbs like "повториться" for completed actions. In sentences, these verbs must agree with the subject in person, number, and gender.

Common Errors:

• Error: Forgetting the reflexive "-ся" ending, e.g., saying "повторять" instead of "повторяться". Correct: Use "повторяться" to convey recurrence; without "-ся", it means "to repeat" something actively. Explanation: English speakers might overlook reflexivity, which is crucial in Russian for passive or self-referential actions.

• Error: Using "возобновляться" in casual speech, e.g., "Мои сны возобновляются" instead of "повторяются". Correct: Opt for "повторяются" in everyday contexts; "возобновляться" sounds overly formal and may confuse listeners. Explanation: This can make speech sound unnatural, as formality levels matter in Russian communication.

Cultural Notes:

In Russian culture, the concept of recurrence often ties to themes of history and fate, as seen in literature like Tolstoy's works, where events "повторяются" to reflect life's cycles. This reflects a broader Slavic worldview emphasizing repetition in nature and human affairs, influencing expressions in poetry and folklore.

Related Concepts:

• цикл (cycle)
• повторение (repetition)
• периодичность (periodicity)