Russian Translation(s) & Details for 'ratio'

English Word: ratio

Key Russian Translations:

• соотношение [sə.ɐˈtnoʂə.nʲe] - [Formal, Mathematical context]
• пропорция [prə.pɐrˈt͡sɨ.jə] - [Formal, General or artistic context]

Frequency: Medium (commonly used in academic, scientific, and everyday discussions involving comparisons or measurements).

Difficulty: B1 (Intermediate; requires understanding of basic noun cases and vocabulary related to mathematics and proportions).

Pronunciation (Russian):

соотношение: [sə.ɐˈtnoʂə.nʲe]

Note on соотношение: The stress falls on the fourth syllable; the 'ш' sound (ʂ) can be challenging for English speakers, similar to the 'sh' in 'shoe' but with a retroflex quality. Be mindful of the soft sign (ь) affecting the preceding consonant.

Audio: []

пропорция: [prə.pɐrˈt͡sɨ.jə]

Note on пропорция: Stress on the third syllable; the 'ц' (t͡s) is a voiceless affricate, like 'ts' in 'cats'. This word is often used in contexts involving harmony or balance.

Audio: []

Meanings and Usage:

Meaning 1: A quantitative relationship between two amounts, often expressed as a fraction or percentage (e.g., in mathematics or statistics).

Translation(s) & Context:

• соотношение - Used in formal or technical contexts, such as scientific reports or data analysis, to describe ratios in measurements.
• пропорция - Applied in broader contexts, like design or cooking, where balance or proportion is key.

Usage Examples:

• В математике соотношение сторон прямоугольника составляет 1:2.

  In mathematics, the ratio of the sides of the rectangle is 1:2.

• Это соотношение золота к серебру в сплаве делает его более прочным.

  This ratio of gold to silver in the alloy makes it more durable.

• Пропорция ингредиентов в рецепте должна быть точной для идеального вкуса.

  The proportion of ingredients in the recipe must be precise for the perfect taste.

• В архитектуре пропорция элементов здания влияет на его эстетику.

  In architecture, the proportion of the building's elements affects its aesthetics.

Meaning 2: A comparative relationship in non-quantitative contexts, such as proportions in art or ratios in social comparisons.

Translation(s) & Context:

• соотношение - Often used metaphorically, e.g., in social sciences for demographic ratios.
• пропорция - Common in creative fields, emphasizing harmony or balance.

Usage Examples:

• Соотношение мужчин и женщин в этой профессии постепенно выравнивается.

  The ratio of men to women in this profession is gradually evening out.

• В живописи пропорция фигур должна соответствовать реализму.

  In painting, the proportion of figures should correspond to realism.

• Это соотношение усилий и результатов мотивирует команду.

  This ratio of efforts to results motivates the team.

Russian Forms/Inflections:

Both "соотношение" and "пропорция" are neuter nouns in Russian, which means they follow standard neuter declension patterns. "Соотношение" is a third-declension noun and inflects irregularly in some cases, while "пропорция" is more regular.

Note: These nouns do not change in gender but must agree in case with other words in the sentence.

Russian Synonyms/Antonyms:

• Synonyms:
  • пропорция (for соотношение in some contexts)
  • доля (portion or share, with a subtle difference in emphasizing parts)
  • коэффициент (coefficient, more technical)
• Antonyms:
  • диспропорция (disproportion)
  • несоответствие (inconsistency or mismatch)

Related Phrases:

• Соотношение сторон - Ratio of sides (e.g., in geometry; refers to proportional relationships in shapes).
• Золотое сечение - Golden ratio (a specific mathematical proportion with aesthetic implications).
• Пропорциональный рост - Proportional growth (used in economics or biology to describe balanced development).

Usage Notes:

"Соотношение" is the most direct translation for "ratio" in mathematical or scientific contexts, while "пропорция" is better for artistic or everyday proportional relationships. English speakers should note that Russian nouns require case agreement, so always adjust based on the sentence structure. For example, use the genitive case when indicating possession. When choosing between translations, opt for "соотношение" in formal reports and "пропорция" in creative discussions to ensure naturalness.

Common Errors:

• Error: Using "соотношение" in artistic contexts where "пропорция" is more appropriate, e.g., saying "соотношение в картине" instead of "пропорция в картине". Correct: "Пропорция в картине" – Explanation: "Соотношение" implies a measurable ratio, while "пропорция" conveys aesthetic balance.

• Error: Forgetting case inflections, e.g., using nominative "соотношение" in a prepositional phrase. Correct: "О соотношении" (About the ratio) instead of "О соотношение". Explanation: Russian requires the prepositional case for such phrases to maintain grammatical accuracy.

Cultural Notes:

In Russian culture, concepts like the "golden ratio" (золотое сечение) have influenced art and architecture, as seen in historical buildings like those in Moscow. This reflects a broader appreciation for harmony and proportion in Slavic aesthetics, often drawing from mathematical principles in daily life and design.

Related Concepts:

• процент (percentage)
• коэффициент (coefficient)
• баланс (balance)