Russian Translation(s) & Details for 'rape'

English Word: rape

Key Russian Translations:

• изнасилование [ɪznəsʲɪləˈvanʲɪje] - [Formal, Legal]

Frequency: Low (This term is not commonly used in everyday conversation due to its sensitive and serious nature; it appears more in legal, medical, or news contexts.)

Difficulty: Advanced (C1-C2 level on CEFR, as it involves understanding sensitive topics, legal terminology, and nuanced social issues in Russian.)

Pronunciation (Russian):

изнасилование: [ɪznəsʲɪləˈvanʲɪje]

Note on изнасилование: The stress falls on the fourth syllable ("va-"), which is a common challenge for English speakers due to Russian's variable stress patterns. Pronounce it with a soft 's' sound as in "measure."

Audio: []

Meanings and Usage:

The act of forcing someone into sexual intercourse without consent

Translation(s) & Context:

• изнасилование - Used in formal, legal, or medical contexts to describe the crime or act, often in discussions about criminal law, victim support, or social issues.

Usage Examples:

• В суде обсуждалось дело об изнасиловании, которое произошло в прошлом году.

  In court, the case of rape that occurred last year was discussed.

• Правительство ввело новые законы для предотвращения изнасилования и защиты жертв.

  The government introduced new laws to prevent rape and protect victims.

• Психолог помогла выжившей после изнасилования справиться с травмой.

  The psychologist helped the survivor of rape cope with the trauma.

• Кампания по борьбе с изнасилованием привлекла внимание общественности.

  The campaign against rape drew public attention.

• В отчете полиции зафиксированы случаи изнасилования в темных переулках.

  The police report documented cases of rape in dark alleys.

Russian Forms/Inflections:

"Изнасилование" is a neuter noun in Russian, belonging to the second declension. It follows regular noun inflection patterns, which means it changes based on case, number, and gender. Below is a table outlining its basic inflections:

Note: This noun does not have irregular forms, making it relatively straightforward once basic declension rules are learned.

Russian Synonyms/Antonyms:

• Synonyms:
  • насильственный акт (nasil'stvennyy akt) - A more general term for a violent act, often used in broader contexts but with similar connotations.
  • сексуальное насилие (seksual'noye nasiliye) - Emphasizes the sexual aspect, commonly in psychological or advocacy discussions.
• Antonyms:
  • согласие (soglasiye) - Consent, representing the opposite concept in legal and ethical contexts.
  • добровольный секс (dobrovol'nyy seks) - Voluntary sex, highlighting mutual agreement.

Related Phrases:

• Жертва изнасилования (Zhertva iznasilovaniya) - Victim of rape; Used in support services or legal proceedings to refer to survivors.
• Предотвращение изнасилования (Predotvrashcheniye iznasilovaniya) - Prevention of rape; Common in educational campaigns and policy discussions.
• Изнасилование в браке (Iznasilovaniye v brake) - Marital rape; Highlights a specific context where the crime occurs within marriage, often debated in legal reforms.

Usage Notes:

This term corresponds directly to the English "rape" in its legal and social sense, but it is highly sensitive and should be used with extreme caution in Russian conversations. It is typically formal and appears in contexts like law enforcement, media reports, or educational materials. English speakers learning Russian should note that Russian culture emphasizes collective responsibility in addressing such issues, and discussions often involve state institutions. When choosing between synonyms, opt for "изнасилование" in precise legal contexts, but "сексуальное насилие" for broader discussions to avoid overly graphic language.

Common Errors:

• English learners often confuse "изнасилование" with "насилие" (nasiliye, meaning general violence), leading to incorrect usage. For example, incorrect: "Это было насилие" when meaning rape specifically. Correct: "Это было изнасилование" to denote the sexual aspect. Explanation: "Насилие" is too vague and doesn't capture the crime's specifics.

• Another error is improper declension, such as using the nominative form in all cases. Incorrect: "О жертве изнасилование" (wrong case). Correct: "О жертве изнасилования" (genitive case). Explanation: Always adjust for grammatical case to maintain sentence accuracy in Russian.

Cultural Notes:

In Russian culture and society, discussions around "изнасилование" are often tied to broader issues of gender inequality and legal reforms. Historically, Soviet-era laws minimized the recognition of rape, and modern Russia continues to grapple with underreporting due to stigma. Understanding this term involves awareness of ongoing movements for women's rights, as portrayed in literature like Anna Akhmatova's works, which subtly address trauma and resilience.

Related Concepts:

• домашнее насилие (domashneye nasiliye)
• сексуальное домогательство (seksual'noye domogatel'stvo)
• жертва преступления (zhertva prestupleniya)