Russian Translation(s) & Details for 'range'

English Word: range

Key Russian Translations:

• диапазон [dʲɪɐˈpazən] - [Formal, used for scope or extent]
• ряд [rɨt] - [Informal, used for a series or sequence]
• горный хребет [ˈɡornɨj xrʲɪˈbʲet] - [Formal, specific to geographical features like mountain ranges]

Frequency: Medium (commonly used in technical, scientific, and everyday contexts, but not as ubiquitous as basic vocabulary)

Difficulty: B1 (Intermediate; requires understanding of noun declensions and contextual usage; for 'ряд', it might be A2 if only basic forms are considered)

Pronunciation (Russian):

диапазон: [dʲɪɐˈpazən]

ряд: [rɨt]

горный хребет: [ˈɡornɨj xrʲɪˈbʲet]

Note on диапазон: The stress falls on the third syllable; be careful with the palatalized 'd' sound, which can be tricky for English speakers.

Note on ряд: Pronounced with a soft 'r' and a short vowel; it has minimal variation in casual speech.

Audio: []

Meanings and Usage:

Meaning 1: A series of mountains or geographical extent (e.g., mountain range)

Translation(s) & Context:

• горный хребет - Used in formal or geographical descriptions, such as in maps or travel contexts.

Usage Examples:

• Мы путешествовали по огромному горному хребту в Сибири.

  We traveled across the vast mountain range in Siberia.

• Горный хребет отделяет две долины.

  The mountain range separates the two valleys.

• Этот горный хребет известен своими снежными пиками.

  This mountain range is famous for its snowy peaks.

• Путники пересекли горный хребет под проливным дождем.

  The travelers crossed the mountain range in pouring rain.

Meaning 2: The scope, extent, or series of values (e.g., price range)

Translation(s) & Context:

• диапазон - Used in scientific, technical, or everyday contexts for measurements or variations.
• ряд - Informal for a sequence, like a list or series of items.

Usage Examples:

• Диапазон температур в этой зоне колеблется от -10 до +30 градусов.

  The temperature range in this zone fluctuates from -10 to +30 degrees.

• В магазине есть ряд товаров в разных ценовых диапазонах.

  The store has a series of products in various price ranges.

• Её речь охватывала широкий диапазон тем, от политики до культуры.

  Her speech covered a wide range of topics, from politics to culture.

• Этот ряд упражнений поможет улучшить ваш диапазон движений.

  This series of exercises will help improve your range of motion.

• Диапазон звуков в симфонии был поразительным.

  The range of sounds in the symphony was impressive.

Russian Forms/Inflections:

For 'диапазон' (a masculine noun), it follows standard first-declension patterns with some irregularities in plural forms:

For 'ряд' (also masculine), it is invariable in most forms but changes in plural: Singular: ряд; Plural: ряды. It does not have complex inflections.

For 'горный хребет' (a phrase where 'хребет' is masculine), 'хребет' inflects as: Nominative: хребет; Genitive: хребта; etc. Full table not provided due to compound nature.

Russian Synonyms/Antonyms:

• Synonyms:
  • диапазон: интервал (interval) - Often used interchangeably in scientific contexts, but 'интервал' implies a gap.
  • ряд: последовательность (sequence) - More formal for ordered lists.
  • горный хребет: горная цепь (mountain chain) - Similar but emphasizes connectivity.
• Antonyms:
  • диапазон: предел (limit) - Refers to boundaries rather than extent.
  • ряд: хаос (chaos) - Informal contrast to an ordered series.

Related Phrases:

• В пределах диапазона - Within the range; Used in technical discussions to indicate limits.
• Расширить ряд - To expand the series; Common in business or creative contexts for growth.
• Горный хребет Альп - The Alpine mountain range; A specific geographical phrase for travel or geography.

Usage Notes:

• Choose 'диапазон' for abstract or measurable extents (e.g., temperature range), as it directly mirrors the English 'range' in scientific contexts and is more formal.
• 'Ряд' is better for sequential items, like a list, and is less formal; avoid it for geographical meanings to prevent confusion.
• In Russian, nouns like these must agree in case, number, and gender with surrounding words, which is a key grammatical difference from English.
• Be mindful of context: 'Диапазон' is common in formal writing, while 'ряд' suits casual speech; for beginners, start with singular forms to build confidence.

Common Errors:

• Error: Using 'диапазон' incorrectly in plural forms, e.g., saying "диапазонов" when nominative is needed. Correct: Use "диапазоны" in nominative plural. Explanation: Russian requires precise case agreement; English speakers often overlook this, leading to grammatical errors.
• Error: Confusing 'ряд' with 'рядом' (meaning 'nearby'). Correct: 'Ряд' for a series; 'Рядом' for location. Explanation: This mix-up can change the sentence meaning entirely, as 'рядом' is an adverb.
• Error: Overgeneralizing 'горный хребет' to non-mountain contexts. Correct: Reserve it for geography; use 'диапазон' for other meanings. Explanation: Learners might translate 'range' literally without context, resulting in awkward phrasing.

Cultural Notes:

The term 'горный хребет' often evokes Russia's vast landscapes, such as the Ural Mountains, which have historical significance as a natural divide between Europe and Asia. In Russian culture, mountains symbolize resilience and exploration, as seen in literature like Tolstoy's works, where they represent both beauty and isolation.

Related Concepts:

• интервал
• последовательность
• горная цепь
• ландшафт