Russian Translation(s) & Details for 'purebred'

English Word: purebred

Key Russian Translations:

• чистокровный [ʧɪstɐˈkro.vnɨj] - [Formal, Adjective, Used in contexts involving animal breeding or genetics]
• породистый [pɐrɐˈdʲistɨj] - [Informal, Adjective, Used more casually for pets or animals with pedigree]

Frequency: Medium (Common in specialized contexts like veterinary science or animal shows, but not everyday conversation)

Difficulty: Intermediate (B1-B2 on CEFR scale; involves understanding adjective inflections and context-specific usage)

Pronunciation (Russian):

чистокровный: [ʧɪstɐˈkro.vnɨj]

породистый: [pɐrɐˈdʲistɨj]

Note on чистокровный: The stress falls on the third syllable ("kro"), which can be tricky for English speakers due to the soft 'v' sound. Pronounce it with a clear rolled 'r' for authenticity.

Note on породистый: The 'dʲ' represents a palatalized 'd', which softens into a sound similar to 'dy' in "due." This is common in Russian adjectives.

Audio: []

Meanings and Usage:

Primary Meaning: Referring to an animal with a pure, unmixed breed or pedigree.

Translation(s) & Context:

• чистокровный - Used in formal or scientific contexts, such as describing purebred dogs in breeding programs (e.g., for competitions or genetic purity).
• породистый - Used in everyday, informal settings, like talking about family pets with documented lineage.

Usage Examples:

• Этот конь чистокровный и участвует в скачках. (This horse is purebred and participates in races.)

  Translation: This horse is purebred and participates in races.

• Мы купили породистую собаку из известного питомника. (We bought a purebred dog from a well-known kennel.)

  Translation: We bought a purebred dog from a well-known kennel. This shows the word in a casual purchasing context.

• В зоопарке есть чистокровные лошади, которые разводятся для экспорта. (In the zoo, there are purebred horses that are bred for export.)

  Translation: In the zoo, there are purebred horses that are bred for export. Here, it highlights a formal, international context.

• Её кошка породистая, но не имеет документов. (Her cat is purebred but doesn't have the documents.)

  Translation: Her cat is purebred but doesn't have the documents. This example demonstrates informal usage with potential limitations.

• Чистокровные животные часто стоят дороже из-за их генетической чистоты. (Purebred animals often cost more due to their genetic purity.)

  Translation: Purebred animals often cost more due to their genetic purity. This shows the word in a comparative, economic context.

Secondary Meaning: Extended to imply something of high quality or authenticity (metaphorical use, less common).

Translation(s) & Context:

• чистокровный - Rarely used metaphorically, e.g., for people or objects symbolizing purity (formal, literary contexts).

Usage Examples:

• Он чистокровный художник, не поддающийся модным веяниям. (He is a purebred artist, not succumbing to fashionable trends.)

  Translation: He is a purebred artist, not succumbing to fashionable trends. This metaphorical use emphasizes authenticity.

• Эта чистокровная традиция передаётся из поколения в поколение. (This purebred tradition is passed down from generation to generation.)

  Translation: This purebred tradition is passed down from generation to generation. It illustrates extended usage in cultural discussions.

Russian Forms/Inflections:

Both "чистокровный" and "породистый" are adjectives, which inflect based on gender, number, and case in Russian. Russian adjectives agree with the nouns they modify and follow standard first-declension patterns.

Note: These adjectives change endings based on the noun's gender (e.g., for feminine: чистокровная; for neuter: чистокровное). They are regular and follow standard patterns, making them straightforward once basic declension is learned.

Russian Synonyms/Antonyms:

• Synonyms:
  • чистопородный (chistoporodnyy) - Similar to чистокровный but often used in legal or official documents; implies stricter pedigree verification.
  • элитный (elitnyy) - More general, emphasizing elite status rather than pure bloodline.
• Antonyms:
  • смесь (smes') - Refers to a mixed breed, not a direct adjective but commonly used in contrast.
  • гибридный (gibridnyy) - Implies hybridization or cross-breeding.

Related Phrases:

• Чистокровная лошадь - (A purebred horse; commonly used in equestrian contexts to denote racing or show animals.)
• Породистый щенок - (A purebred puppy; refers to pets with documented lineage, often in breeding discussions.)
• Чистокровные породы собак - (Purebred dog breeds; used in veterinary or hobbyist conversations about canine genetics.)

Usage Notes:

In Russian, "чистокровный" is the more precise translation for "purebred" in formal contexts, especially for animals, as it directly conveys genetic purity. Use "породистый" for everyday situations to sound more natural and less technical. Be mindful of adjective agreement: always inflect based on the noun's gender, number, and case. For example, if the English user is discussing pets, "породистый" might be preferable due to its informal tone, while "чистокровный" suits scientific or competitive scenarios. Multiple translations exist because Russian often has synonyms with subtle nuances, so choose based on context to avoid sounding overly formal.

Common Errors:

• Error: Using "чистокровный" without proper inflection, e.g., saying "чистокровный собаки" instead of "чистокровная собака" for a feminine noun.

  Correct: чистокровная собака (purebred dog). Explanation: Russian adjectives must agree in gender; "собака" is feminine, so the adjective ends in "-ая".

• Error: Confusing with "чистый" (clean or pure in a general sense), leading to misuse like "чистый пёс" for purebred.

  Correct: Use "чистокровный" for breed purity. Explanation: "Чистый" means physically clean, not genetically pure, which could lead to misunderstandings in animal contexts.

Cultural Notes:

In Russian culture, terms like "чистокровный" are often associated with horse racing and breeding traditions, influenced by historical events such as the Imperial Stud Farms under the Tsars. This reflects a cultural emphasis on pedigree and heritage, similar to British equestrian culture, and can carry connotations of status or excellence in modern contexts like dog shows or agricultural fairs.

Related Concepts:

• гибрид (gibrid) - Hybrid
• племенной (plemennoj) - Relating to breeding stock
• кроссбрид (krossbrid) - Crossbreed (a loanword from English)